Aquilegia elegantula

Aquilegia elegantula

Secure  (NatureServe)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Ranunculales
Family: Ranunculaceae
Genus: Aquilegia
Species:
A. elegantula
Binomial name
Aquilegia elegantula
Synonyms[2]
  • Aquilegia canadensis var. fendleri Brühl

Aquilegia elegantula, the western red columbine, is a perennial species of flowering plant in the family Ranunculaceae, native to the Southwestern United States and northern Mexico.[2]

Description

Aquilegia elegantula is a rhizomatous perennial herb growing 10–60 cm (3.9–23.6 in) tall. The green leaf blades are borne on long, slender petioles and divided into three leaflets which each have rounded lobes along the front edges. The flower has five long petals up to 3 cm (1.2 in) in length including their elongated, knob-tipped spurs. The petals are bright red in the spurs and lighten to yellow-green or orange at the tips. Between the petals are the oval-shaped sepals, which are reddish to yellowish in color and are held parallel to the petals. Flowers often droop such that the mouth is toward the ground and the spurs point up.[3]

Taxonomy

The species is probably most closely related to Aquilegia coerulea and is part of a clade containing all the North American species of columbines that likely split from their closest relatives in East Asia in the mid-Pliocene, approximately 3.84 million years ago.[4]

Etymology

The specific epithet elegantula means "rather elegant" in Latin.[citation needed]

Distribution and habitat

The species is native to the Four Corners states of Utah, Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona,[2] and Coahuila and Nuevo León in northern Mexico.[5] It grows in moist Douglas fir and spruce–fir forests and on river banks at altitudes of 1,700–2,800 m (5,600–9,200 ft).[1]

Ecology

The flowers are pollinated by the broad-tailed hummingbird Selasphorus platycercus.[3]

Conservation

As of November 2024, NatureServe listed Aquilegia elegantula as Secure (G5). This status was last reviewed on 24 April 1991. NatureServe notes that the species is widespread and common across much of its range.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c NatureServe. "Aquilegia elegantula Western Red Columbine". NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved 8 November 2024.
  2. ^ a b c d "Aquilegia elegantula Greene". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 8 November 2024.
  3. ^ a b Grant, V. (1992). "Floral isolation between ornithophilous and sphingophilous species of Ipomopsis and Aquilegia". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 89 (24): 11828–11831. Bibcode:1992PNAS...8911828G. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.24.11828. PMC 50650. PMID 11607343.
  4. ^ Fior, Simone; Li, Mingai; Oxelman, Bengt; Viola, Roberto; Hodges, Scott A.; Ometto, Lino; Varotto, Claudio (2013). "Spatiotemporal reconstruction of the Aquilegia rapid radiation through next-generation sequencing of rapidly evolving cpDNA regions". New Phytologist. 198 (2): 579–592. Bibcode:2013NewPh.198..579F. doi:10.1111/nph.12163. PMID 23379348.
  5. ^ "Aquilegia elegantula". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands. Retrieved 8 November 2024.

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