Annona Chalk

Annona Chalk
Stratigraphic range: Cretaceous
Outcrop east of Clarksville, TX (c. 1910)
TypeSedimentary
Sub-unitsAustin Group
UnderliesMarlbrook Marl
OverliesOzan Formation
Thickness30 Meters
Lithology
PrimaryChalk
Location
RegionArkansas
CountryUnited States
Type section
Named forAnnona, Red River County, Texas[1]
Named byRobert Thomas Hill

The Annona Chalk is a geologic formation in Arkansas, Texas, Louisiana, and Oklahoma.[2] It preserves fossils dating back to the Cretaceous period. The formation is a hard, thick-bedded to massive, slightly fossiliferous chalk. It weathers white, but is blue-gray when freshly exposed. The unit is commercially mined for cement. Fossils in the Annona Chalk include coelenterates, echinoderms, annelids, bivalves, gastropods, cephalopods, and some vertebrate traces.[3] The beds range in thickness, up to over 100 feet in depth in some areas (such as at White Cliffs).,[4] but thins to the east and is only a few feet thick north of Columbus, Arkansas and is completely missing to the east. The break between the Annona Formation and the Ozan Formation appears to be sharp with a few tubular borings up to a foot long extending down from the Annona in to the Ozan.[5]

Exposures

  • Annona Chalk overlying Ozan Formation at what is now called White Cliffs Natural Area, with the Little River in the foreground, Howard County, AR (c. 1910)
    Annona Chalk overlying Ozan Formation at what is now called White Cliffs Natural Area, with the Little River in the foreground, Howard County, AR (c. 1910)
  • Another view of the same location (c. 1902)
    Another view of the same location (c. 1902)
  • Quarry at Whitecliffs Landing (c. 1902)
    Quarry at Whitecliffs Landing (c. 1902)

Paleofauna

Ammonites

B. crickmayi[6]
B. taylorensis[6]
D. binodosum[6]
D. clardyi[6]
N. (Nostoceras) danei[6]
N. (Nostoceras) monotuberculatum[6]
N. (Nostoceras) plerucostatum[6]
N. (Nostoceras) pulcher[6]
O. crassum[6]

Ostracods

A. ponderosana[7]
B. rotunda[7]
B. ovata[7]
B. windhami[7]
C. austinensis[7]
C. caudata[7]
C. communis[7]
C. filicosta[7]
C. paraustinensis[7]
C. crafti[7]
C. tollettensis[7]
C. blakei[7]
H. bruceclarki[7]
H. globosa[7]
H. micropunctata[7]
H. plummeri[7]
K. cushmani[7]
L. fletcheri[7]
M. montuosa[7]
M. pedata[7]
O. hannai[7]
P. texanus[7]
V. ozanana[7]

See also

References

  1. ^ Hill, R.T. (1894). "Geology of parts of Texas, Indian Territory and Arkansas adjacent to Red River". Bulletin of the Geological Society of America. 5: 308.
  2. ^ USGS Geolex, Annona Chalk/Formation
  3. ^ R. T. Hill. "Annona Chalk Formation". Arkansas Geological Survey. Arkansas Geological Survey. p. 308. Archived from the original on May 27, 2010. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
  4. ^ Veatch, Arthur Clifford (1906). Geology and Underground Water Resources of Northern Louisiana and Southern Arkansas. U.S. Government Printing Office.
  5. ^ Dane, 1929, Upper Cretaceous Formations of Southwestern Arkansas, Arkansas Geological Survey Bulletin 1
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Kennedy, W. J.; Cobban, W. A. (1993). "Campanian ammonites from the Annona Chalk near Yancy, Arkansas". Journal of Paleontology. 67 (1): 83–97.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Collins, Jr., Robert J. (June 1960). Stratigraphy and Ostracoda of the Ozan, Annona, and Marlbrook Formations of southwestern Arkansas (PhD). Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College.


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