On April 28, 2024, President Joe Biden announced his intent to nominate Hwang to serve as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Central District of California. On April 30, 2024, her nomination was sent to the Senate. President Biden nominated Hwang to the seat vacated by Judge George H. Wu, who assumed senior status on November 3, 2023. On May 22, 2024, a hearing on her nomination was held before the Senate Judiciary Committee.[4] On July 11, 2024, her nomination was reported out of committee by an 11–10 vote.[5] On November 20, 2024, the United States Senate invoked cloture on her nomination by a 51–48 vote.[6] On December 2, 2024, her nomination was confirmed by a 48–43 vote.[7] She received her judicial commission on December 6, 2024.[8]