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Andrew Lawson
Andrew Lawson
	Lawson c. 1922
Born	July 25, 1861; Anstruther, Scotland
Died	June 16, 1952 (aged 90); Alameda County, California, U.S.
Nationality	Scottish
Known for	Report on the 1906 San Francisco earthquake
Awards	Hayden Memorial Geological Award (1935); Penrose Medal (1938)
	Scientific career
Fields	Geology
Institutions	University of California, Berkeley

Andrew Cowper Lawson^[1] (July 25, 1861 – June 16, 1952) was a Scots-born Canadian geologist who became professor of geology at the University of California, Berkeley. He was the editor and co-author of the 1908 report on the 1906 San Francisco earthquake which became known as the "Lawson Report". He was also the first person to identify and name the San Andreas Fault in 1895, and after the 1906 quake, the first to delineate the entire length of the San Andreas Fault which previously had been noted only in the San Francisco Bay Area. He also named the Franciscan Complex after the Franciscan Order of the Catholic church whose missions used conscripted Native American labor to mine limestone in these areas.

Biography

Lawson was born on July 25, 1861,^[2] in Anstruther, Scotland.^[3] He moved to Hamilton, Ontario, Canada with his parents at age six. In 1883, he received his B.A. degree in natural science from the University of Toronto.^[2] He worked for the Geological Survey of Canada while pursuing his graduate degrees. He received his M.A. from the University of Toronto in 1885, and his Ph.D. from Johns Hopkins University in 1888.

In 1890, he left the Geological Survey of Canada to work as a consulting geologist in Vancouver. In October of the same year, he accepted a position as assistant professor of Mineralogy and Geology at the University of California in Berkeley. He became a full professor in 1892, and a professor emeritus from 1928 to his death on June 16, 1952.

Lawson was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1915,^[4] the United States National Academy of Sciences in 1924,^[5] and the American Philosophical Society in 1925.^[6] He was president of the Geological Society of America in 1926.^[7]^[8]

He was a consulting geologist for the construction of the Golden Gate Bridge in the 1930s.

His home in the La Loma Park area of the Berkeley Hills in Berkeley, California, called the "Andrew Cowper Lawson House" (1908), was especially designed for him by noted architect Bernard Maybeck to withstand earthquakes.^[9]^[10] The house is an official city designated Berkeley Landmark.^[11]

The mineral Lawsonite is named for him, as is the Lawson Adit, originally a mining construction research tunnel on UC Berkeley's campus. During the Cold War, it was used to house special equipment to monitor Soviet nuclear tests. It is currently used to house seismological instruments.

Lawson Hill (elev. 1,128 feet), located west of the Briones Hills in Contra Costa County, California, is named for him.

References

^ Vaughan, Francis E. (1970). Andrew C. Lawson: scientist, teacher, philosopher. Glendale, CA: A.H. Clark. ISBN 978-0870620973. OCLC 133498.
^ ^a ^b Louderback, George D. (January 1954). "Memorial: Andrew Cowper Lawson (1861-1952)". AAPG Bulletin. 38 (1): 188. ISSN 0149-1423. Wikidata Q66986765.
^ "Andrew Cowper Lawson (1861–1952)". Earth & Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley. 2005. Archived from the original on 2006-09-01.
^ "Andrew Cowper Lawson". American Academy of Arts & Sciences. 2023-02-09. Retrieved 2023-08-16.
^ "Andrew C. Lawson". www.nasonline.org. Retrieved 2023-08-16.
^ "APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved 2023-08-16.
^ Fairchild, Herman LeRoy, 1932, The Geological Society of America 1888-1930, a Chapter in Earth Science History: New York, The Geological Society of America, 232 pp.
^ Eckel, Edwin, 1982, GSA Memoir 155, The Geological Society of America – Life History of a Learned Society. Boulder, CO: Geological Society of America Memoir 155, 168 pp.ISBN 0-8137-1155-X.
^ McCoy, Esther (1960). Five California Architects. New York: Reinhold Publishing Corporation. p. 20. ASIN B000I3Z52W.
^ "A Tale of Two Houses". Modern Magazine. 2017-10-19. Retrieved 2023-07-03.
^ "Berkeley Landmarks, Designated by the Landmarks Preservation Commission, Berkeley, CA". Berkeley Architectural Heritage Association (BAHA).

The California Earthquake of April 18, 1906: Report of the State Earthquake Investigation Commission, Andrew C. Lawson, chairman, Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 87, 2 vols. (1908) – Available online at this USGS webpage.