Gamarnik worked at the biotech company ViroLogic on the development of phenotypic assays for HIV, and hepatitis B and C viruses between 2000 and 2001. She returned to Argentina at the end of 2001 to join the Leloir Institute,[12][13][14] where she created the first Molecular Virology laboratory,[15] and from which she has already published more than 30 research papers on the dengue virus.[16] From 2005 to 2011, Gamarnik was an International Research Scholar at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.[17] She is currently head of the Molecular Virology Laboratory at the Leloir Institute Foundation,[18][14][19][20] independent researcher at the National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET),[18][14] associate editor of the journal PLoS Pathogens, and member of the editorial board of the journal Virology.[21][22][23][24]
One of the most important research that came out of the Molecular Virology laboratory at the Leloir Institute, was the discovery of the mechanism by which the dengue virus multiplies between molecules.[18] Additionally, in 2015 they determined what the dengue virus needs to pass from mosquito to human, that is, how it changes to be able to infect two types of cells.[16]
Gamarnik actively participates in policy discussions related to the promotion of science and women in science, from speeches at award ceremonies[25] or interviews with sitting presidents in Argentina,[26][14] to signing public letters with the S&T Group.[27][16] Additionally, she has published research in prestigious journals in her field such as Genes and Development, Virology, RNA and Journal of Biological Chemistry.[18] Her studies on viral attenuation mechanisms are the basis for the design of vaccines, which resulted in a technology exported to the United States.[18]
During the Coronavirus pandemic in 2020, Gamarnik and her team at the Leloir Institute developed the first antibody test for the SARS-CoV-2 virus, "COVIDAR IgG", in only 45 days. This antibody test was manufactured in Argentina.[28][29][30][31]
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