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Anchors Aweigh
Anchors Aweigh
	Original promotional poster
Directed by	George Sidney
Screenplay by	Isobel Lennart
Based on	You Can't Fool a Marine; 1943 story in This Week; by Natalie Marcin
Produced by	Joe Pasternak
Starring	Frank Sinatra; Kathryn Grayson; Gene Kelly; José Iturbi; Dean Stockwell; Pamela Britton; "Rags" Ragland; Billy Gilbert; Henry O'Neill;
Cinematography	Charles P. Boyle; Robert H. Planck;
Edited by	Adrienne Fazan
Music by	Georgie Stoll
Color process	Technicolor
Production; companies	Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer; MGM Cartoons (animated sequences);
Distributed by	Loew's Inc.
Release date	July 19, 1945 (New York City);
Running time	140 minutes
Country	United States
Language	English
Budget	$2.6 million
Box office	$7.5 million

Anchors Aweigh is a 1945 American musical comedy film starring Frank Sinatra, Kathryn Grayson, and Gene Kelly, with songs by Jule Styne and Sammy Cahn. Directed by George Sidney, the film also features José Iturbi, Pamela Britton, and Dean Stockwell.

The plot concerns two sailors on a four-day shore leave in Hollywood, who meet a young boy and his aunt, an aspiring young singer, and try to help her get an audition with the famed pianist and conductor Iturbi at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. In a sequence, Kelly dances with the animated Jerry Mouse from Tom and Jerry.^[5]

The film was nominated for five Academy Awards, winning one, for best scoring. It received highly positive reviews and became a financial success.

Plot

Gunner's Mate Second Class Joe Brady and Seaman First Class Clarence Doolittle are United States Navy sailors who have a four-day leave in San Diego, which they decide to spend in Hollywood. Joe has his heart set on making up for eight months at sea with his girl, Lola. Clarence, a shy choir boy turned sailor, asks Joe to teach him how to get girls. Donald, a little boy who wants to join the navy, is found wandering around the boulevard by a policeman, who takes him to the station. Clarence and Joe end up being picked up by the police to help convince Donald to go home. After the two sailors wait at home and entertain the little boy, his Aunt Susie arrives. Clarence is smitten with the beautiful, friendly young woman from the beginning. Susan goes on to tell them that she has been trying to become a singer, and longs to perform with the famous pianist and conductor José Iturbi. Trying to impress Susan with Clarence, Joe lies that Clarence is a personal friend of Iturbi, and can arrange an audition for her with him. That night they go out to a café, where Clarence meets a girl from Brooklyn and they hit it off. The next day Joe visits Donald's school and tells the kids the story of how he earned his medal, by bringing happiness to a lonesome young king (portrayed by the animated Jerry Mouse from Tom and Jerry) and joy to his kingdom.

Meanwhile, both Clarence and Joe have been trying to get into Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios to find Iturbi, with no luck. When all hope seems lost the pair seek to come clean with Susan and tell her there is no audition, but fail at doing so. On their last day of leave Susan runs into Iturbi in the studio commissary, who has no idea who she is. Devastated, she tells him she whole story. Taken with her charm, beauty, and sincerity, he agrees to get her a screen test, which turns out smashing. The movie ends with Iturbi conducting the Navy band while its choir sings "Anchors Aweigh" and Joe and Susan, and Clarence and the "Girl from Brooklyn," kiss.

Cast

Frank Sinatra as Clarence "Brooklyn" Doolittle
Kathryn Grayson as Susan Abbott
Gene Kelly as Joseph "Joe" Brady
José Iturbi as himself
Dean Stockwell as Donald Martin
Pamela Britton as Girl from Brooklyn
"Rags" Ragland as Police Sergeant
Billy Gilbert as Café Manager
Henry O'Neill as Admiral Hammond
Carlos Ramirez as Carlos
Grady Sutton as Bertram Kraler
Leon Ames as Admiral's Aide (reads citation)
Sharon McManus as Little Girl Beggar

Production

The film was written by Natalie Marcin (story) and Isobel Lennart (screenplay), and directed by George Sidney. It was the first of three buddy pictures teaming the cocky dancing Kelly with the (against type) shy singing Sinatra, followed by Take Me Out to the Ball Game and On the Town, both in 1949. The production tried to mix some of the more successful story elements and set-pieces from earlier MGM musical hits, such as Meet Me in St. Louis (1944).

The movie is remembered for the musical number in which Gene Kelly dances seamlessly with the animated Jerry Mouse (voiced by Sara Berner). Tom Cat appears briefly as a butler in the sequence supervised by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera. The animation was entirely undertaken by Kenneth Muse, Ray Patterson and Ed Barge. Originally, the producers wanted to use Mickey Mouse for this segment. Some sources claim Walt Disney initially agreed to loan out Mickey, but Roy Disney rejected the deal. According to Bob Thomas's book on Roy Disney, the studio was in debt after World War II and they were focusing on trying to release their own films out on time. According to Roy, they had no business making cartoons for other people.^[6] Kelly next went to Fred Quimby, the head of MGM's cartoon studio. Quimby was also not interested, but Kelly persisted, reportedly showing up at Hanna-Barbera's office to press the case. The dance sequence required meticulous storyboarding; after the live dancing was filmed, the animators used rotoscoping to painstakingly match the animated character's movement to Kelly's, even down to their shadows cast on the polished dance floor.^[7]

The film offers rare color glimpses of the wartime MGM studio, including the Thalberg Building, the front gate, the backlot, the commissary, and one of the scoring stages, which included an on-screen performance by real members of the MGM studio orchestra. During the soundstage scenes the operation of MGM's latest camera mounted on a heavy boom is extensively demonstrated, including a side-bolted cutout viewfinder for the cinematographer to line up the shots and the operators deftly swiveling the pan controls or pulling the focus.

There is also a memorable exterior scene at the Hollywood Bowl, where Sinatra sings "I Fall in Love Too Easily", after Iturbi and a group of young pianists have performed an arrangement of Franz Liszt's Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2. In the audition scene with Iturbi, Grayson sings a special arrangement by Earl Brent for coloratura soprano and orchestra of the waltz from Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's Serenade for Strings. At the film's end Iturbi conducts the United States Navy Band for a patriotic rendition of "Anchors Aweigh". Some of the scenes in this film were later featured in the That's Entertainment! (1974) tributes to MGM.

Songs

Songs by Jule Styne and Sammy Cahn except where noted:

"Main Title" – MGM Studio and Orchestra
"Anchors Aweigh" (Zimmerman, Miles) – MGM Studio and Orchestra and Jose Iturbi
"We Hate to Leave" – Gene Kelly & Frank Sinatra
"Brahms' Lullaby" – Frank Sinatra (sung to Donald)
"I Begged Her" – Gene Kelly & Frank Sinatra
"If You Knew Susie" (DeSylva, Meyer) – Frank Sinatra & Gene Kelly
"Jealousy" (Jacob Gade) – Kathryn Grayson
"What Makes the Sunset" – Frank Sinatra
"(All of a Sudden) My Heart Sings" (from the French song "Ma Mie" by Henri Laurent Herpin; English lyric by Harold Rome) – Kathryn Grayson
"The Donkey Serenade" – Jose Iturbi
"The King Who Couldn't Sing and Dance" – Gene Kelly
"The Worry Song" (Ralph Freed, Sammy Fain) – Gene Kelly & Frank Sinatra
"The Charm of You" – Frank Sinatra
"Las Chiapanecas" (traditional) – Gene Kelly & Sharon McManus
"Liszt's Hungarian Rhapsody No. 2" – Jose Iturbi
"I Fall in Love Too Easily" – Frank Sinatra
"La cumparsita" (Gerardo Matos Rodríguez) – Gene Kelly
"Waltz Serenade" (Tchaikovsky) – Kathryn Grayson
"Anchors Aweigh" – MGM Studio and Orchestra Chorus

Reception

Box office

The film was highly popular at the box office, and extremely profitable to MGM. According to company records it earned $4,498,000 in the US and Canada and $2,977,000 elsewhere, resulting in a profit of $2,123,000.^[3]

Critical reviews

Contemporary reviews were overwhelmingly positive.

Bosley Crowther of The New York Times wrote: "Another humdinger of a musical has been produced by Joe Pasternak for Metro ... for a popular entertainment, 'Anchors Aweigh' is hard to beat."^[8] Variety called the film "solid musical fare for all situations. The production numbers are zingy; the songs are extremely listenable; the color treatment outstanding."^[9] Harrison's Reports wrote: "Very good mass entertainment. Photographed in Technicolor, the production is extremely lavish, has good comedy, a romance, tuneful songs, and effective dancing. The story is thin, but it has some human interest, and there are so many humorous situations that one is kept laughing most of the way."^[10] Film Daily wrote: "Everything that could possibly be crammed into a musical is in evidence in this production ... It is hard to think of an MGM musical excelling it. There is no reason why the film should not gain recognition as one of the year's best of its type."^[11]

Rotten Tomatoes gives a score of 53% based on 15 reviews.^[12]

Awards and honors

Winner: Academy Award, Best Scoring of a Musical Picture, Georgie Stoll
Nominated: Academy Award, Best Picture
Nominated: Academy Award, Best Actor, Gene Kelly
Nominated: Academy Award, Best Cinematography (Color)
Nominated: Academy Award, Best Original Song, "I Fall In Love Too Easily" (Words and Music by Sammy Cahn and Jule Styne, Sung by Frank Sinatra)

References

^ Anchors Aweigh at the AFI Catalog of Feature Films
^ Hanson, Patricia King, ed. (1999). The American Film Institute Catalog of Motion Pictures Produced in the United States: Feature Films, 1941-1950. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press. p. 71. ISBN 0-520-21521-4.
^ ^a ^b ^c The Eddie Mannix Ledger, Los Angeles: Margaret Herrick Library, Center for Motion Picture Study.
^ "All-Time Top Grossers", Variety, 8 January 1964, pg 69.
^ Higham, Charles; Greenberg, Joel (1968). Hollywood in the Forties. London: A. Zwemmer Limited. p. 85. ISBN 978-0-498-06928-4.
^ Bob Thomas. "Building a Company: Roy O. Disney and the Creation of an Entertainment Empire." Eventually Disneys lent out their effects wizard Joshua Meador to spruce up MGM's 1956 Forbidden Planet.
^ Sennett, Ted (1989). The Art of Hanna-Barbera: Fifty Years of Creativity. Studio. pp. 42–43. ISBN 978-0670829781. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
^ Crowther, Bosley (July 20, 1945). "Movie Review - Anchors Aweigh". The New York Times. Retrieved March 10, 2016.
^ "Film Reviews". Variety. New York: Variety, Inc.: 34 July 18, 1945.
^ "'Anchors Aweigh' with Gene Kelly, Frank Sinatra and Kathryn Grayson". Harrison's Reports: 115. July 21, 1945.
^ "Reviews". Film Daily. New York: Wid's Films and Film Folk, Inc.: 7 July 19, 1945.
^ "Anchors Aweigh". Rotten Tomatoes.