Anal dysplasia is a pre-cancerous condition which occurs when the lining of the anal canal undergoes abnormal changes. It can be classified as low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL).[1] Most cases are not associated with symptoms, but people may notice lumps in and around the anus.[2]
Anal dysplasia is most commonly linked to human papillomavirus (HPV), a usually sexually-transmitted infection.[3] HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States[4] while genital herpes (HSV) was the most common sexually transmitted infection globally.[5]
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