Alys Pearsall Smith

Alys Pearsall Smith
Alyssa Pearsall Smith in 1892
Born
Alyssa Whitall Smith

(1867-07-21)21 July 1867
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Died22 January 1951(1951-01-22) (aged 83)
London, England
EducationBryn Mawr College
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1894; div. 1921)​
Parent(s)Robert Pearsall Smith
Hannah Whitall Smith
RelativesLogan Pearsall Smith (brother)
Mary Berenson (sister)
M. Carey Thomas (cousin)

Alyssa Whitall "Alys" Pearsall Smith (21 July 1867 – 22 January 1951) was an American-born British Quaker relief organiser and the first wife of Bertrand Russell. She chaired the society that created an innovative school for mothers in 1907.

Early life

A poster for a School for Mothers
Exterior of Mothers' & Babies' Welcome

Pearsall Smith was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. She was the daughter of Robert Pearsall Smith and Hannah Whitall Smith, prominent figures in the Holiness movement in America and the Higher Life movement in Great Britain. She was the sister of essayist and critic Logan Pearsall Smith and the cousin of Martha Carey Thomas. Pearsall Smith graduated from Bryn Mawr College near Philadelphia.[1]

Pearsall Smith's family lived in England from 1873 to 1875 and then again from 1888 onward. In England, the family came into contact with George Bernard Shaw, Henry James, and Bernard Berenson, who married her sister, Mary.

Personal life

On 13 December 1894, Smith married Bertrand Russell, son of the Viscount and Viscountess Amberley[2] in the Quaker Meeting House in St. Martin's Lane, London, England. They separated in 1911 and divorced in 1921.[3]

According to Russell's autobiography, she was also an intimate friend of Walt Whitman.[4] Alys, who never remarried, died in London on 22 January 1951.[5]

Volunteer work

Pearsall Smith chaired the Italian Refugees' Relief Committee to help people fleeing Benito Mussolini's Italy.

Pearsall Smith also chaired the general committee of the St Pancras Mothers' and Infants' Society, which set up a School for Mothers (also known as Mothers' & Babies' Welcome) in Charlton Street, London, N.W. in 1907.[6] This centre provided a range of services aimed at reducing infant mortality, such as weighing babies, providing expectant and nursing mothers with meals, and medical and mothering advice.[7] The vice-chair was Adele Meyer, who largely funded the enterprise.[8]

Pearsall Smith was said to be involved in the women's suffrage activism during 1908.[9]

References

  1. ^ The Autobiography of Bertrand Russell: 1872–1914. New York: Routledge. 23 April 2014. p. 72. ISBN 9781317835042.
  2. ^ "The Wedding of Bertrand Russell and Alys Pearsall Smith". National Portrait Gallery.
  3. ^ Times, the New York Times Company Special Cable To the New York (6 May 1921). "MRS. BERTRAND RUSSELL WINS DIVORCE DECREE; Former Miss Alys Smith of Philadelphia Separated From Well Known Socialist". The New York Times. Retrieved 13 March 2020.
  4. ^ Russell, Bertrand. The Autobiography of Bertrand Russell. pp. Chapter 4.
  5. ^ "Mrs. Alys Russell". The New York Times. 22 January 1951. Retrieved 13 March 2020.
  6. ^ Evelyn M. Bunting, Dora E. L. Bunting, Annie E. Barnes and Blanch Gardiner (1907). A School for Mothers. London: Horace Marshall & Son.
  7. ^ Davies, Sue (30 May 2014). "The St Pancras School for Mothers". Wellcome Library. Retrieved 5 August 2016.
  8. ^ Ellen Ross (2007). Slum Travelers: Ladies and London Poverty, 1860-1920. University of California Press. pp. 53–56. ISBN 978-0-520-24905-9.
  9. ^ Burch, Stuart (June 2019). London and the politics of memory : in the shadow of Big Ben. Abingdon, Oxon. p. 84. ISBN 978-1-315-59291-6. OCLC 1107880828.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)