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S24
S24
	AB BDeh 4-4 at Altstätten Stadt
Overview
Service type	St. Gallen S-Bahn service
Current operator(s)	Appenzell Railways (AB)
Route
Termini	Altstätten Stadt; Gais
Stops	7
Service frequency	Every 60 minutes
Technical
Rolling stock	Class BDeh 4-4;

Altstätten–Gais railway (S24)
Altstätten–Gais railway (S24)
	Push-pull train on the rack section above Altstätten
Overview
Locale	Switzerland
Service
Route number	856
Technical
Line length	7.65
Track gauge	1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge
Electrification	1000–1500 V DC overhead catenary
Maximum incline	16.0%
Route map
Route map
	Legend
	former tramway from Berneck
	and Altstätten SG
	Altstätten Stadt
	terminus of S24
	SG
	AR
	Hebrig
	high point of line
	Gais
	terminus ofS24
	Source: Swiss railway atlas

The Altstätten–Gais railway is a metre-gauge railway in Switzerland. The 7.65 km (4.75 mi) long line was opened in 1911 by the Altstätten-Gais-Bahn (AG) and has been operated by the Appenzell Railways (Appenzeller Bahnen, AB). Three sections of the line are equipped with the Strub rack system, while the rest of the line uses adhesion.

History

The line from Altstätten Stadt via Stoss to Gais—where there was a connection to the line of the St. Gallen-Gais-Appenzell-Altstätten-Bahn (St. Gallen-Gais-Appenzell-Altstätten Railway) to St. Gallen—was opened on 18 November 1911 and operated with three CFe 3/3 class railcars. The three rack sections with a total of 3,264 m (10,709 ft) in length are located between Altstätten and Stoss, while the rest of the line to Gais is an adhesion railway. The railway was electrically operated at 1000V DC from the beginning.

Another short section in the old town of Altstätten was opened on 26 June 1912 between Stadt and Rathaus (town hall). The short link along Marktgasse established a connection to the Rathaus–Bahnhof SBB line of the Altstätten–Berneck tramway, opened in 1897 and operated by the Altstätten-Berneck-Bahn (ABB), which in turn was replaced in 1940 by the Altstätten–Berneck Trolleybus. The Altstätten–Gais line was managed by the ABB, which allowed the trains to run continuously between Gais and Altstätten SBB station.

As a result of a merger in 1949, the St. Gallen-Gais-Appenzell-Altstätten Railway (SGA) took over operations between Altstätten and Gais. In 1953, the catenary voltage was increased to 1500V, so that the then new ABDeh 4/4 6 to 8 railcars could operate freely on the whole SGA network.

On 2 June 1973, tram operations were closed on the remaining section in Altstätten. Until the final closure of the Altstätten SBB–Altstätten Stadt section on 31 May 1975, the SGA trains continued to operate over this section.

Due to declining frequencies and a cost recovery rate of less than 30 percent, the cantons of Appenzell Ausserrhoden and St. Gallen have established an engineering office review of whether "more customer-friendly and cheaper alternatives" would be feasible for the three rack railways of the Appenzell Railways, from Altstätten Stadt to Gais, from Rorschach Hafen to Heiden and from Rheineck to Walzenhausen. In particular, a changeover to bus operations or fully automatic operations is under discussion.^[3]

Since 2013, the route from Altstätten Stadt to Gais is operated by the S24 service of the St. Gallen S-Bahn. The S24 is also part of the Bodensee S-Bahn.^[4]