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Agaropectin

Agaropectin
Chemical structure of agaropectin, where R is a predominantly H or SO3H
Identifiers
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Agaropectin is one of the two main components of agar.

Structure

Agaropectin is a sulfated galactan mixture which composes agar by 30% composition.[1] It is composed of varying percentages of organosulfates (sulfate esters), D-glucuronic acid and small amounts of pyruvic acid. It is made up of alternating units of D-galactose and L-galactose heavily modified with acidic side-groups which are usually sulfate, glucuronate, and pyruvate.[2][3][4] Pyruvic acid is possibly attached in an acetal form to the D-galactose residues of the agarobiose skeleton. The sulfate content of the agar depends on the source of the raw material from which it is derived. Acetylation of agaropectin yields the chloroform-insoluble agaropectin acetate, as opposed to agarose acetate. This process can be used to separate the two polysaccharides via fractionation.[5]

Use

Agaropectin has no commercial value and is discarded during the commercial processing of agar, and food grade agar is mainly composed of agarose with a molecular weight of about 120 kDa.[6]

References

  1. ^ Zeece, Michael (2020). "Food additives". Introduction to the Chemistry of Food. pp. 251–311. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-809434-1.00007-4. ISBN 978-0-12-809434-1.
  2. ^ "Agar". London South Bank University. Archived from the original on 2022-09-26. Retrieved 2023-03-21.
  3. ^ "III: Properties, Manufacture, and Application of Seaweed Polysaccharides – Agar, Carageenan, and Algin". Training manual on Gracilaria culture and seaweed processing in China. Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nations. August 1990. Retrieved 2011-04-27.
  4. ^ Rafael Armisen; Fernando Galatas (1987). "Chapter 1 – Production, Properties and Uses of Agar". In McHugh DJ (ed.). Production and Utilization of Products from Commercial Seaweeds. Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nations. ISBN 92-5-102612-2.
  5. ^ Thain, Michael; Hickman, Michael (2000). The Penguin Dictionary of Biology. Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-606-20848-2.[page needed]
  6. ^ Nussinovitch, A. (1997). "Agar". Hydrocolloid Applications. pp. 1–18. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-6385-3_1. ISBN 978-1-4613-7933-1.

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