679 Tsukushi earthquake

679 Tsukushi earthquake
Magnitude	6.5~7.5 M_w^[1]
Epicenter	Northern Kyushu
Areas affected	Kyushu, Japan

The 679 Tsukushi earthquake was a major earthquake that occurred in northern Kyushu during the late Asuka period (Hakuho period). It is described in the Nihon Shoki and is the oldest historical earthquake in Japan whose epicenter is roughly known.

In the "Nihon Shoki", descriptions of earthquakes frequently appear around the time of the earthquake. Approximately six years after this earthquake, a massive earthquake along the Nankai Trough, occurred.

Earthquake records

During the 7th year of Emperor Tenmu's reign, between December (Julian calendar: 18 January – 15 February 679; Gregorian calendar: 21 January – 18 February 679), a major earthquake occurred, centered in the Tsukushi Province. The exact date of the earthquake is unknown.^{[citation needed]}

A ground fissure 6 metres (20 ft) wide and over 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) long was formed, destroying several homes in the villages. Hills also collapsed, and houses on top of them moved without being destroyed, while the residents did not notice the collapse of the hills and were shocked to discover it the next morning.^[2]

References

^ Koji Minoura; Daisuke Sugawara; Tohru Yamanoi; Tsutomu Yamada (September 2015). "Aftereffects of Subduction-Zone Earthquakes: Potential Tsunami Hazards along the Japan Sea Coast". The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine. 237 (2): 91–102. doi:10.1620/tjem.237.91. PMID 26399180.
^ Tokuji Utsuno, Etsuzo Shima, Toshiaki Yoshii, Kenichiro Yamashina, Encyclopedia of Earthquakes, Asakura Publishing, 2010, ISBN 978-4254160536

v t e 1st-millennium earthquakes
1st-century	AD 17 Lydia Lost body hypothesis AD 62 Pompeii
2nd-century	115 Antioch 139 Mcurn 141 Lycia
3rd-century	262 Southwest Anatolia
4th-century	363 Arsakawan 363 Galilee 365 Crete
5th-century	447 Constantinople 461 Apahunik' 499 Nicopolis
6th-century	526 Antioch 528 Antioch 542 Sea of Marmara 551 Beirut 551 Malian Gulf 554 Anatolia 557 Constantinople
7th-century	602 Surb Karapet Monastery 632 Armenia 679 Tsukushi 684 Hakuhō
8th-century	735 Vayots Dzor Province 740 Constantinople 743 Caspian Gates 749 Galilee 779 Gyeongju
9th-century	801 Apennine 803 Mopsuestia 840 Erzurum 847 Damascus 856 Damghan 859 Syrian coast 863 Dvin 869 Jōgan 881 Acre 893 Ardabil (false event) 893 Dvin
10th-century	906 K'argop' 957 Caspian Sea 991 Damascus 995 Balu

v t e Earthquakes in Japan
Historical	679 Tsukushi 684 Hakuho 869 Jōgan 1293 Kamakura 1361 Shōhei 1498 Meiō 1586 Tenshō 1596 Fushimi 1605 Keichō 1611 Aizu 1611 Sanriku 1662 Kanbun 1662 Hyūga-nada 1677 Bōsō 1703 Genroku 1707 Hōei 1741 Kampo 1751 Takada 1771 Great Yaeyama 1792 Unzen 1804 Kisakata 1828 Sanjō 1833 Shōnai 1847 Zenkoji 1854 Iga–Ueno 1854 Nankai 1854 Tōkai 1855 Edo 1858 Hietsu 1872 Hamada 1889 Kumamoto 1891 Mino–Owari 1894 Tokyo 1894 Shōnai 1896 Sanriku 1896 Rikuu
20th century	1909 Anegawa 1911 Kikai Island 1914 Senboku 1922 Shimabara 1923 Great Kantō 1925 North Tajima 1927 North Tango 1930 North Izu 1933 Sanriku 1936 Miyagi 1939 Oga 1940 Shakotan 1941 Hyūga-nada 1943 Tottori 1944 Tōnankai 1945 Mikawa 1946 Nankai 1948 Fukui 1952 Tokachi 1961 North Mino 1963 Kuril Islands 1964 Niigata 1968 Ebino 1968 Hyūga-nada 1968 Tokachi 1973 Nemuro Peninsula 1974 Izu Peninsula 1978 Izu Ōshima 1978 Miyagi 1982 Urakawa 1983 Sea of Japan 1984 Nagano 1993 Kushiro 1993 Okushiri 1994 offshore Sanriku 1995 Hanshin 2000 Izu Islands 2000 Tottori
21st century	2001 Geiyo 2003 Miyagi 2003 Tokachi 2004 Chūetsu 2005 Fukuoka 2005 Miyagi 2006 Kuril Islands 2007 Chūetsu 2007 Kuril Islands 2007 Noto 2008 Iwate–Miyagi 2008 Iwate 2009 Shizuoka 2011 Tōhoku 2011 Nagano 2011 Shizuoka 2011 Miyagi 2011 Fukushima 2012 Chiba 2012 Sanriku 2014 Nagano 2015 Ogasawara 2016 Kumamoto 2016 Tottori 2016 Fukushima 2018 Osaka 2018 Hokkaido Eastern Iburi 2019 Yamagata 2021 Fukushima 2021 Miyagi 2021 Chiba 2022 Fukushima 2023 Noto 2024 Noto 2024 Hyūga-nada
Related articles	Nankai megathrust earthquakes Tōkai earthquakes Tōnankai earthquakes Nankai earthquakes South Kantō earthquakes Matsushiro earthquake swarm

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