65th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Division (Soviet Union)

65th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Division
ActiveSeptember 1943–c. 1950s
CountrySoviet Union
BranchRed Army (later Soviet Army)
TypeAnti-Aircraft Artillery
EngagementsWorld War II
Decorations
Battle honoursPomerania

The 65th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Division (Russian: 65-я зенитная артиллерийская дивизия) was an anti-aircraft artillery division of the Soviet Union's Red Army (later the Soviet Army) during World War II and the early postwar period.

It was formed in September 1943 and spent the next several months training in the Moscow Military District. In the spring of 1944, it provided air defense to facilities in the rear of the front, and from the summer fought in the fighting for the Narew bridgehead. In early 1945 the division fought in the East Prussian Offensive and the East Pomeranian Offensive before providing air defense for the Oder crossing in April. For its actions, the 65th was awarded the honorific Pomerania, the Order of Kutuzov, and the Order of Alexander Nevsky. It was disbanded after the end of the war by the end of the 1950s.

World War II

A 37 mm AA gun of the type used by the division during World War II

The 65th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Division of the Reserve of the Supreme High Command (RVGK) began forming in late September 1943 at the Moscow Anti-Aircraft Artillery Training Camp in the military town of Aminiyevo. Lieutenant Colonel (promoted to colonel on 17 November) Alexander Sakin was assigned as commander on 28 September; he led the division for the rest of the war.[1] It included the 1980th, 1984th, 1988th, and the 1992nd Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiments, formed as part of the division, and was part of the Moscow Military District. The 65th finished forming on 30 October. It remained there, conducting training, for the next several months.[2][3]

In February 1944, the division was transferred to the RVGK.[4] It was directly subordinated to the 2nd Belorussian Front in March,[5] but transferred to the 1st Belorussian Front in April.[6] During April and May 1944, the division provided air defense for the railroad stations at Sarny and Manevychi, as well as facilities of the 1st Belorussian Front. In difficult conditions the 65th claimed to have downed 22 enemy aircraft conducting night raids. It then rejoined the 2nd Belorussian Front, with which it served for the rest of the war. The division fought in the fighting to capture and expanded the Narew bridgehead from the summer onwards.[7] From September it was part of the 48th Army.[8]

Between 14 January and 10 February 1945, it served with the 48th Army in the East Prussian Offensive, with elements supporting the 8th Mechanized Corps' breakthrough of German lines. The 65th claimed 25 enemy aircraft downed during the offensive, as well as three ammunition and fuel depots, 20 halftracks and automobiles, eleven pillboxes, 45 wagons destroyed, and up to 400 enemy soldiers killed when it used its guns for artillery bombardments and counterattacks. Additionally, the division was credited with suppressing the fire of eight artillery and mortar batteries and capturing up to 30 settlements without the support of infantry units. During the offensive, it advanced into the cities of Mława and Osterode.[7]

The division was transferred to the 19th Army in February.[9] In the subsequent East Pomeranian Offensive, during the elimination of German troops around Danzig, the 65th claimed ten German aircraft downed, more than 1,500 German soldiers killed, and up to 50 vehicles with cargo destroyed. For its "successful completion of command tasks" at Danzig, the 65th received the Order of Kutuzov, 2nd class, on 17 May.[10] From April, initially as part of the 19th Army, and then directly subordinated to the front, the division provided air defense for the crossing of the Oder during the Battle of Berlin. For "successful completion of command tasks", the division received the honorific Pomerania and was awarded the Order of Alexander Nevsky.[7]

Postwar

Following the end of the war, the division became part of the Northern Group of Forces. Sakin transferred to command another anti-aircraft artillery division in December 1946,[7] and was replaced by Colonel Nikolay Kaminsky in January 1947, still part of the Northern Group of Forces. Kaminsky was transferred in September 1949.[11] The division was among those anti-aircraft artillery divisions disbanded without being converted into another unit by the end of the 1950s.[12]

References

Citations

  1. ^ Main Personnel Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet Union 1964, p. 392.
  2. ^ Gurkin et al. 1972, p. 265.
  3. ^ Konakov & Shikalov 1945, p. 1.
  4. ^ Gurkin et al. 1988, p. 87.
  5. ^ Gurkin et al. 1988, p. 103.
  6. ^ Gurkin et al. 1988, p. 133.
  7. ^ a b c d Tsapayev, Vvedensky & Hayrapetyan 2014, pp. 276–277.
  8. ^ Gurkin et al. 1988, p. 284.
  9. ^ Gurkin et al. 1990, p. 82.
  10. ^ Affairs Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet Union 1967, p. 198.
  11. ^ Tsapayev, Vvedensky & Hayrapetyan 2014, pp. 133–134.
  12. ^ Feskov et al 2013, p. 287.

Bibliography

  • Affairs Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet Union (1967). Сборник приказов РВСР, РВС СССР, НКО и Указов Президиума Верховного Совета СССР о награждении орденами СССР частей, соединениий и учреждений ВС СССР. Часть I. 1920 - 1944 гг [Collection of orders of the RVSR, RVS USSR and NKO on awarding orders to units, formations and establishments of the Armed Forces of the USSR. Part I. 1920–1944] (PDF) (in Russian). Moscow. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-03-27. Retrieved 2017-12-30.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Feskov, V.I.; Golikov, V.I.; Kalashnikov, K.A.; Slugin, S.A. (2013). Вооруженные силы СССР после Второй Мировой войны: от Красной Армии к Советской [The Armed Forces of the USSR after World War II: From the Red Army to the Soviet: Part 1 Land Forces] (in Russian). Tomsk: Scientific and Technical Literature Publishing. ISBN 9785895035306.
  • Gurkin, V.V.; et al. (1972). Боевой состав Советской армии: Часть III (Январь — декабрь 1943 г.) [Combat Composition of the Soviet Army, Part III (January–December 1943)] (PDF) (in Russian). Moscow: Voenizdat.
  • Gurkin, V.V.; et al. (1988). Боевой состав Советской армии: Часть IV (Январь — декабрь 1944 г.) [Combat Composition of the Soviet Army, Part IV (January–December 1944)] (PDF) (in Russian). Moscow: Voenizdat.
  • Gurkin, V.V.; et al. (1990). Боевой состав Советской армии: Часть V (Январь—сентябрь 1945 г.) [Combat Composition of the Soviet Army, Part IV (January–September 1945)] (PDF) (in Russian). Moscow: Voenizdat.
  • Main Personnel Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet Union (1964). Командование корпусного и дивизионного звена советских вооруженных сил периода Великой Отечественной войны 1941 – 1945 гг [Commanders of Corps and Divisions in the Great Patriotic War, 1941–1945] (in Russian). Moscow: Frunze Military Academy.
  • Tsapayev, D.A.; et al. (2014). Goremykin, Viktor (ed.). Великая Отечественная: Комдивы. Военный биографический словарь [The Great Patriotic War: Division Commanders. Military Biographical Dictionary] (in Russian). Vol. 2. Moscow: Kuchkovo Pole. ISBN 978-5-9950-0341-0.

Military documents