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31st Troop Carrier Squadron
31st Troop Carrier Squadron
	Douglas C-47 Skytrain
Active	1942–1944
Branch	United States Air Force
Role	Airlift training
Insignia
31st Troop Carrier Squadron emblem

The 31st Troop Carrier Squadron is a disbanded United States Air Force unit. It was established in January 1942 as the 31st Transport Squadron and served as a training unit for I Troop Carrier Command until disbanding in a general reorganization of Army Air Forces training units in 1944.

History

World War II

The squadron was first activated at Drew Field, Florida on 2 March 1942 as one of the three original squadrons of the 314th Transport Group.^[1]^[2] In June 1942, the squadron moved to Camp Williams Army Air Field, Wisconsin. Shortly before its move, it was assigned to the 89th Transport Group, which moved to Camp Williams from Harding Field, Louisiana.^[3] It was equipped with a variety of Douglas DC-3 airliners that had been impressed into military service and designated C-49 or C-50 and with Douglas C-53 Skytroopers.^[1]

The squadron's initial mission was transition training for qualified pilots who had not flown the Douglas transports. In July 1942, the squadron was redesignated the 31st Troop Carrier Squadron, but its mission remained the same. The squadron moved its operations to Sedalia Army Air Field, Missouri in September 1942 and to Del Valle Airfield, Texas in December. In 1943, it standardized its equipment with the Douglas C-47 Skytrain replacing its previous mixture of Douglas transports.^[1]

By February 1944 most combat units had been activated and almost three-quarters of them had deployed overseas. With the exception of special programs, like forming Boeing B-29 Superfortress units, training "fillers" for existing units became more important.^[4] Reflecting this change, the squadron mission changed in March 1944, when it became a Replacement Training Unit (RTU).^[1] The RTU program used oversized units to train individual pilots and aircrews.^[5]

However, the Army Air Forces was finding that standard military units like the 31st, whose manning was based on relatively inflexible tables of organization were not well adapted to the training mission, even more so to the replacement mission. Accordingly, the Army Air Forces adopted a more functional system in which each base was organized into a separate numbered unit.^[6] The 89th Group, along with its operational squadrons and support units at what was now Bergstrom Field were disbanded and their personnel and equipment were transferred to the new 807th AAF Base Unit (Combat Crew Training School, Troop Carrier).^[1]^[3]^[7]^[8]

Lineage

Constituted as the 31st Transport Squadron on 28 January 1942

Activated on 2 March 1942

Redesignated 31st Troop Carrier Squadron on 4 July 1942

Disbanded on 14 April 1944^[1]

Assignments

314th Transport Group, 2 March 1942
89th Transport Group (later 89th Troop Carrier Group), 15 June 1942 – 14 April 1944^[1]

Stations

Drew Field, Florida, 2 March 1942
Camp Williams Army Air Field, Wisconsin, 23 June 1942
Sedalia Army Air Field, Missouri, 10 September 1942
Del Valle Airfield (later Bergstrom Field), 16 December 1942 – 14 April 1944^[1]

Aircraft

Douglas DC-3 (as C-49, C-50 and C-53), 1942–1943
Douglas C-47 Skytrain, 1943–1944^[1]

Campaign

Campaign Streamer	Campaign	Dates	Notes
	American Theater without inscription	2 March 1942 – 14 April 1944	31st Transport Squadron (later 31st Troop Carrier Squadron)^[1]

References

Notes

Explanatory notes

^ Approved 7 December 1943.

Citations

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Maurer, Combat Squadrons, p. 156
^ Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 190–192
^ ^a ^b Maurer, Combat Units, pp. 154–155
^ Goss, pp. 74–75
^ Craven & Cate, Introduction, p. xxxvi
^ Goss, p. 75
^ Maurer, Combat Units, p. 7
^ See Mueller, p. 31

Bibliography

This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency

Craven, Wesley F.; Cate, James L., eds. (1955). The Army Air Forces in World War II (PDF). Vol. VI, Men & Planes. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. LCCN 48003657. OCLC 704158. Retrieved 17 December 2016.

Goss, William A. (1955). "The Organization and its Responsibilities, Chapter 2 The AAF". In Craven, Wesley F.; Cate, James L. (eds.). The Army Air Forces in World War II (PDF). Vol. VI, Men & Planes. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. LCCN 48003657. OCLC 704158. Retrieved 17 December 2016.