2nd Pursuit GroupWestern Front, France: 22 August-11 November 1918[4]
Air Aces: 5[6]
The 22nd Aero Squadron was a United States Army Air Service unit that fought on the Western Front during World War I.
The squadron was assigned as a Day Pursuit (Fighter) Squadron as part of the 2nd Pursuit Group, First United States Army. Its mission was to engage and clear enemy aircraft from the skies and provide escort to reconnaissance and bombardment squadrons over enemy territory. It also attacked enemy observation balloons, and perform close air support and tactical bombing attacks of enemy forces along the front lines.[7] After the 1918 Armistice with Germany, the squadron returned to the United States in June 1919 and was demobilized.
In April 1937, its lineage and history was consolidated with those of the United States Army Air Corps 22nd Observation Squadron.[3][8]
The 22nd Aero Squadron was organized at Kelly Field, Texas, on 16 June 1917. Initially 150 men, it was later expanded to a size of 200. Once organized, the 22nd was sent to Toronto, Ontario, Canada, on 9 August to begin formal training under the auspices of the Royal Flying Corps at their facilities. In Canada, the squadron trained on the Curtiss JN-4 "Jenny", and detachments attended schools at locations around the Toronto area. The men received instruction on engine and aircraft maintenance.[2]
On 19 October the squadron finished its initial training and was sent to Hicks Field, near Fort Worth, Texas. Hicks was also designated Field No. 1 of the Camp Taliaferro training complex, operated also by the British Royal Flying Corps. When the squadron arrived, Hicks Field was still under construction; however, flying training in the JN-4 was conducted and 42 flight cadets soloed in the Jenny. Orders were received for overseas movement to France, and the squadron left for the Aviation Concentration Center, Long Island, on 21 January 1918, arriving on the 25th. The squadron boarded the RMS Adriatic in New York Harbor on the 31st, arriving in Liverpool, England on 16 February after an uneventful voyage and proceeding to a "Rest Camp", where the pilots were sent to various advanced training schools in England, while the enlisted support personnel were sent to France for training with RFC units on the continent.[2]
In France, the squadron was divided into Flights and divided among units of the Royal Naval Air Service that were engaged in day-bombing: "HQ", "A" and "B" Flights to No. 6 Squadron, and "C" Flight to No. 2 Squadron. Later transfers were "A" Flight to No. 4 Aviation Service Depot at Guînes for instruction and repair work and "B" Flight to No. 3 Squadron, RNAS on the Somme, where one man was captured by the Germans in a ground attack during the German drive of 21 March. The segments received much experience in German bombing, sea-raids, and shelling by the famous "Ludendorf" gun. During the British retreat, camps were hurriedly broken up and re-pitched at a succession of locations.[2][9] During the training outside of Belrain, France John G. Agar was famous for demanding all his food raw. After world renowned writer wrote about John G. Agar's eating habits he was receiving much letter's per day, so much so they also moved him squadrons.
On 24 June 1918, the flights were reassembled at Guînes Aerodrome and then went to the American 3rd Air Instructional Center at Issoudun Aerodrome, where the squadron remained until 7 July, when the pilots received their final combat training. It then moved to the Air Service Acceptance Park No. 1 at Orly Field, near Paris. At Orly the enlisted strength was reduced to 176 men, who were detailed to work in the several departments in the Park. At Orly, the squadron was classified as a pursuit (fighter) squadron and was assigned to the 2nd Pursuit Group, 1st Pursuit Wing, First American Army, AEF, joining the 13th, 49th and 139th Aero Squadrons.[2][9]
From Orly, the 22nd then moved to their first combat airfield in the "Zone of Advance", Croix de Metz Aerodrome, near Toul. There the squadron received its combat aircraft and pilots, SPAD XIII's from the 1st Air Depot at Colombey-les-Belles Airdrome, equipped with 220 hp Hispano engines. It received its full complement of 25 aircraft and pilots by 26 August.[2][9]
The 22nd Aero Squadron flew its first combat patrol on 21 August 1918 in preparation for the St. Mihiel offensive. As the date of the attack grew nearer, the flying over the sector increased. The squadron achieved its first aerial victory on 2 September with the shooting down of a German Rumpler in the region of Arracourt by Lt Brooks. The next victory came two days later on the 4th when Lieutenants Brooks, Tyndall and Jones attacked a Fokker that had attacked Allied balloons. From this point contact and combat with enemy aircraft was frequent, along with German anti-aircraft artillery fire (Archies) causing damage to several squadron planes.[2]
With clear flying weather by 13 September, the air filled with Allied and German aircraft. Flights of the 11th and 20th Squadrons' de Havilland DH-4 bombers were attached to the squadron and the mission of the 22nd became escorting the DH-4s to attack ground targets behind the German lines. Salmson 2A2s from the 1st, 12th and 91st Observation Squadrons flew frequent reconnaissance and photographic missions and the 22nd's SPADs kept the Germans at a distance. On 14 September, a large air battle took place between the 22nd and German aircraft near Verdun. The 22nd was to meet a Salmson over Mars-la-Tour about 3:00 pm with orders to clear the skies of German aircraft to allow the Salmson to take photos over the area. However, no Salmson was in sight and twelve enemy aircraft attacked the 22nd. During the ensuing combat no squadron aircraft were lost, but several pilots returned with heavily damaged aircraft.[2]
On 22 September, the squadron moved to Belrain Aerodrome. At Toul, the quarters had been comfortable and convenient with adequate transportation for leaves to such places as Nancy or Toul. But for the next month, the main satisfaction of being an aviator, living outside the muck of battle after the day's fighting, was taken away. Billets in Prie-la-Brulee and Belrain were offered, supplemented by shacks on the field.[2]
On 26 September, Lieuts. Hudson, Doolin and Agar were in a patrol of four of the Squadron's planes that were set upon by 13 Fokkers. After a horrible plane crash on 26 September John G. Agar was the last of the patrol four and had to walk 19 miles back to camp. After considerable maneuvering they reached the Allied lines safely and brought down one of the enemy in the running fight. On the same patrol, Lieut. Beane became separated from the others and shot down a Fokker that had just shot down another SPAD. Although in turn attacked by two more of the enemy, Lieut. Beane succeeded in eluding the offenders. Two days later, on the 28th, a "glorious dog-fight" took place over Montfaucon-d'Argonne with six victories for the Squadron's pilots and none for the Germans. Three biplanes and about a dozen case planes were sighted in excellent position below the groups of seven, resulting in 13 combats.[2]
That was the kind of work done by the 22nd Aero Squadron, although it was not always so concentrated. The last patrol, led by Captain Bridgeman, went over the lines and bombed Stenay on 6 November. The next day, the squadron moved "up" to keep up with the advance of First Army and moved to Souilly Aerodrome, however, owing to bad weather, no combat patrols were sent out before the Armistice on 11 November.[2]
The record of the squadron from 6 August to 11 November is quite remarkable. In spite of a late start, the "Shooting Stars" accounted for 43 official victories, against 34 of its nearest rival, the 139th Aero Squadron "Mercurios". Casualties were 12, including 4 known killed, two prisoners and six "missing in action". During 72 days of flying operations the squadron conducted 956 sorties and 82 combats and achieved 43 (possibly 46) official victories. Several Distinguished Service Crosses were awarded and recommendations were made for the Medal of Honor.[2]
The AEF was very slow in returning its forces to the United States. The squadron remained at Souilly Aerodrome until 29 January 1919, when it moved to the Grand aerodrome, France, west of Neufchateau, to help construct a new airfield. On 18 April 1919, orders were received from First Army for the squadron to report to the 1st Air Depot, Colombey-les-Belles Airdrome to turn in all of its supplies and equipment and it was relieved of duty with the AEF. The squadron's SPAD aircraft were delivered to the Air Service American Air Service Acceptance Park No. 1 at Orly Aerodrome to be returned to the French. There practically all of the pilots and observers were detached from the squadron. [2][10]
Personnel at Colombey were subsequently assigned to the commanding general, services of supply, and ordered to report to the staging camp at LeMans, France. There, they awaited scheduling to report to one of the base ports in France for transport to the United States and subsequent demobilization. On 22 May, the squadron moved to its port of embarkation, Brest.[2]
The 22nd Aero Squadron (Pursuit), returned to New York City on 14 June, its personnel were demobilized and returned to civilian life, and the squadron was inactivated at Hazelhurst Field, Long Island, on 17 June 1919.[2]
In April 1937, the inactivated squadron was re-constituted administratively, with its lineage and history being consolidated with those of the United States Army Air Corps 22nd Observation Squadron. The current United States Air Force unit that holds its lineage and history is the 22nd Intelligence Squadron, assigned to the 707th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Group, Fort George G. Meade, Maryland.[11]
DSC: Distinguished Service Cross; SSC: Silver Star Citation; KIA: Killed in Action; MIA
Missing in Action[16]
This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency
The U.S. 22nd Aero Pursuit Squadron 2nd Pursuit Group, 1918 ~ The historical U.S. 22nd Pursuit Squadron, 2nd Pursuit Group 1918
Ministry of LabourMinisterio de TrabajoMinistry overviewFormed4 May 2011 (2011-05-04)[1]Preceding MinistryMinistry of Social ProtectionHeadquartersCarrera 14 № 99-33Bogotá, D.C., Colombia04°41′2.01″N 74°02′48.99″W / 4.6838917°N 74.0469417°W / 4.6838917; -74.0469417Annual budgetCOP$16,824,173,761,000 (2013)[2]COP$21,725,797,929,867 (2014)[3]Ministry executiveGloria Inés Ramírez, MinisterChild agenciesSENADanSocialSSFC…
This article includes a list of references, related reading, or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (October 2022) (Learn how and when to remove this template message) Friend of the Romans Philip II PhiloromaeusFriend of the RomansCoin possibly representing Philip IIKing of the Seleucid Empire (King of Syria) Reign65–64 BC - client king under Pompey, for a time in opposition…
Опис файлу Опис постер фільму «Вклонися вогню» Джерело https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0174124/ Час створення 1971 Автор зображення «Киргизфільм» Ліцензія див. нижче Обґрунтування добропорядного використання Обґрунтування добропорядного використання не вказано назву статті [?] Опис Пос…
Гірка помстаангл. The Harder They FallЖанр вестернбойовикРежисер Зе Булітц[en]Продюсер Jay-ZДжеймс ЛассітерЛоуренс БендердСценарист Зе Булітц[en]Боаз ЯкіндУ головних ролях Джонатан Майорс, Ідріс Ельба, Зазі Бітц, Реджина Кінг, Делрой Ліндо, Лейкіт Стенфілд, Ronald Cyler IId, Dani…
Not to be confused with Pacific Collegiate Hockey Association. Professional ice hockey league Pacific Coast Hockey AssociationSportIce hockeyFounded1911Inaugural season1912Ceased1924CountriesCanada United StatesLastchampion(s)Vancouver MaroonsMost titlesVancouver Millionaires/Maroons The Pacific Coast Hockey Association (PCHA) was a professional ice hockey league in western Canada and the western United States, which operated from 1911 to 1924 when it then merged with the Western Canada Hockey L…
هذه المقالة يتيمة إذ تصل إليها مقالات أخرى قليلة جدًا. فضلًا، ساعد بإضافة وصلة إليها في مقالات متعلقة بها. (يناير 2019) أندريس دياز دوران معلومات شخصية الميلاد 4 يناير 1995 (العمر 28 سنة)سانتياغو الطول 1.78 م (5 قدم 10 بوصة) مركز اللعب وسط الجنسية تشيلي معلومات النادي النا…
Trần Phước TớiChức vụViện trưởng Viện Kiểm sát Quân sự Trung ươngNhiệm kỳ2003 – 2014Tiền nhiệmNguyễn Đăng KínhKế nhiệmNguyễn Văn KhánhVị trí Việt Nam Phó Viện trưởng Viện kiểm sát nhân dân tối caoNhiệm kỳ2003 – 2014Tiền nhiệmNguyễn Đăng KínhKế nhiệmNguyễn Văn Khánh Thông tin chungDanh hiệu Huân chương Độc Lập hạng 3Quốc tịch Việt NamSinh20 tháng 3 năm 1954 …
Lý Tế Thâm李济深 Lý Tế Thâm Sáng lập viên Liên đoàn Cách mạng Nhân dân Trung Hoa Thời gian 1935 Chủ tịch Hội đồng Cố vấn Quân sự Thời gian 1944 Ủy viên Ủy ban Giám sát Trung ương Thời gian 1945 Đại biểu Quốc hội Thời gian 1946 Chủ tịch Ủy ban Cách mạng Quốc Dân Đảng Thời gian 1948 Phó Chủ tịch Chính phủ Nhân dân Trung ương Thời gian 1949 Đảng Trung Quốc Quốc Dân Đảng Đảng Cộng sản (v…
1999 Lucha Libre AAA World Wide event Verano de Escándalo 1999Octagón wrestled in the main eventPromotionAAADateSeptember 17, 1999CityMexico City, MexicoVenueJuan de la Barrera GymAttendance4,021Pay-per-view chronology ← PreviousTriplemanía VII Next →Guerra de Titanes Verano de Escándalo chronology ← Previous1998 Next →2000 The 1999 Verano de Escándalo (Spanish for Summer of Scandal) was the third annual Verano de Escándalo professional wrestling show promoted b…
Anhar PremanaKepala Staf Korem 041/Garuda EmasPetahanaMulai menjabat 26 Februari 2023PendahuluVeri Sudijanto Sudin Informasi pribadiLahir22 Agustus 1973 (umur 50)Purworejo, Jawa TengahOrang tuaN. Riyana (ayah)Alma materAkademi Militer (1995)Karier militerPihak IndonesiaDinas/cabang TNI Angkatan DaratMasa dinas1995—SekarangPangkat KolonelSatuanInfanteriPertempuran/perangOperasi SerojaPemberontakan di AcehSunting kotak info • L • B Kolonel Inf. Anhar Premana, S.E…
British rowing club Hertford College Boat Club Longbridges boathouses, shared between a number of collegesCoordinates51°44′19.3″N 1°14′47.0″W / 51.738694°N 1.246389°W / 51.738694; -1.246389Home waterIsisFounded1875Key peopleFinlay Jordan (President)Oliver Harvey-Rich (Men's Captain)Olivia Hickman (Women's Captain)Head of the RiverMen: 1881UniversityUniversity…
Rural municipality in Saskatchewan, Canada Rural municipality in Saskatchewan, CanadaBrock No. 64Rural municipalityRural Municipality of Brock No. 64Moose Mountain Upland is visible across a canola field in the RM of Brock No. 64Location of the RM of Brock No. 64 in SaskatchewanCoordinates: 49°40′55″N 102°39′22″W / 49.682°N 102.656°W / 49.682; -102.656[1]CountryCanadaProvinceSaskatchewanCensus division1SARM division1Federal ridingSouris—Moose Mountai…
Idham AzisKepala Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia ke-24Masa jabatan1 November 2019 – 27 Januari 2021PresidenJoko WidodoWakilAri Dono S. (2019—2020)Gatot Eddy P. (2020—2021)PendahuluTito KarnavianAri Dono S. (Plt.)PenggantiListyo Sigit PrabowoKepala Badan Reserse Kriminal Polri ke-20Masa jabatan22 Januari 2019 – 1 November 2019PendahuluArief SulistyantoPenggantiListyo Sigit PrabowoKepala Kepolisian Daerah Metro Jaya ke-37Masa jabatan20 Juli 2017 –&…
Type of motorcycle Fury2010 Fury at the 2009 Seattle International Motorcycle ShowManufacturerHondaAlso calledVT1300CXProduction2009–presentAssemblyKumamoto Prefecture, Japan[1]PredecessorVTX1300ClassChopperEngine1,312 cc (80.1 cu in) SOHC, three valves per cylinder, liquid-cooled 52° V-twinBore / stroke89.5 mm × 104.3 mm (3.52 in × 4.11 in)[2]Compression ratio9.2 to 1Power57.3 hp (42.7 kW) @ 4,300 rpm (rear wheel)[3…
Russian free email service Yandex MailDeveloper(s)YandexInitial releaseJune 2000; 23 years ago (June 2000)TypeEmail serviceWebsitemail.yandex.com Yandex Mail (Russian: Яндекс Почта, tr. Yandeks Pochta; formerly stylised as Yandex.Mail) is a Russian free email service developed by Yandex. It was launched on 26 June 2000,[1][2] and is one of the three largest email services in Runet (along with Gmail and Mail.ru).[3] The service uses automatic sp…
American professional esports player Not to be confused with Plupp or Pulp. This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately from the article and its talk page, especially if potentially libelous.Find sources: Plup – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (December 2021) (Learn…
Pedro José de Arteta y Calisto Pedro José de Arteta y Calisto (Quito, 1797 - Quito, 24 augustus 1873), was een Ecuadoraans politicus. Van 6 november 1867 tot 20 januari 1868 was hij waarnemend president van Ecuador. Nadien was hij vicepresident onder Juan Javier Espinosa. Pedro José de Arteta was lid van de Partido Conservador Ecuatoriano (Conservatieve Partij van Ecuador) Geplaatst op:30-01-2006 Dit artikel is een beginnetje over politiek. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken o…
Ular Kawat Biasa Ramphotyphlops braminus Ular kawatTaksonomiKerajaanAnimaliaFilumChordataKelasReptiliaOrdoSquamataFamiliTyphlopidaeGenusRamphotyphlopsSpesiesRamphotyphlops braminus Daudin, 1803 Tata namaDinamakan berdasarkanBrahmana Sinonim takson Eryx braminus Daudin 1803[1] Ophthalmidium tenue Hallowell 1861 Tortrix russelii Merrem 1820 Typhlops russeli Schlegel 1839 Typhlops Braminus — Duméril & Bibron 1844: 309 Argyrophis truncatus Gray 1845 Onychocephalus capensis Smith 1846 …
Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Kabupaten Nagan RayaDewan Perwakilan Rakyat Kabupaten Nagan Raya 2019-2024JenisJenisUnikameral Jangka waktu5 tahunSejarahSesi baru dimulai2 September 2019PimpinanKetuaJonniadi, S.E. (Demokrat) sejak 25 Oktober 2019 Wakil Ketua IDedy Irmayanda, S.P., M.M. (Golkar) sejak 25 Oktober 2019 Wakil Ketua IIPuji Hartini, S.T., M.M. (Partai SIRA) sejak 25 Oktober 2019 KomposisiAnggota25Partai & kursi NasDem (2) PKB (1) Demokrat (7…
Queen of the DamnedPoster promoSutradara Michael Rymer Produser Jorge Saralegui Ditulis olehScott Abbott Michael PetroniAnne Rice (Novel)PemeranAaliyahStuart TownsendMarguerite MoreauPaul McGannVincent PerezLena OlinPenata musikRichard GibbsJonathan DavisSinematograferIan BakerPenyuntingDany CooperPerusahaanproduksiVillage Roadshow PicturesDistributorAmerika Utara/Jepang:Warner Bros. PicturesInternasional:Village Roadshow LimitedTanggal rilis22 Februari 2002 (2002-02-22)Durasi101 meni…
Lokasi Pengunjung: 3.129.42.99