Prejudging Round: Combined the evaluation of symmetry, muscularity, and conditioning. Contestants were judged on their overall physique, including balance, proportion, muscle size, and definition.
Finals Round: The posing routine and the final posedown. Contestants presented their choreographed routines to music, showcasing their presentation skills, followed by a posedown among the top finalists.
This was Iris Kyle's 6th overall and 5th consecutive Olympia win, thus tied her with Cory Everson with the number of overall Olympia wins and surpassed Kim Chizevsky's number of a consecutive Olympia wins.
Heather Armbrust, who on 8 June 2010, told MuscleSport Radio that she was training hard for the 2010 Ms. Olympia, did not attend the 2010 Ms. Olympia due to a series of personal problems that ultimately lead to her retiring from bodybuilding. Lisa Aukland and Betty Pariso both did not attend the 2010 Ms. Olympia due to retiring from bodybuidling.