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2004 Sinai bombings
2004 Sinai bombings
	Collapsed wing of Taba Hilton Hotel
	; Hilton; Taba Ras; al-Shitan
Location	Taba and Nuweiba, Sinai Peninsula, Egypt
Coordinates	29°07′24.43″N 34°41′05.12″E / 29.1234528°N 34.6847556°E; 29°29′24.20″N 34°53′58.50″E / 29.4900556°N 34.8995833°E
Date	7 October 2004
Attack type	car bombings
Deaths	34
Injured	171
Perpetrators	masterminded by Iyad Saleh and carried out by a Palestinian group
Motive	presumably the Israeli–Palestinian conflict

The 2004 Sinai bombings were three bomb attacks targeting tourist hotels in the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, on 7 October 2004. The attacks left 34 people dead and 171 injured.

The bombings

The explosions occurred on the night of 7 October, against the Hilton Taba and campsites used by Israelis in Ras al-Shitan [he]. In the Taba attack, a truck drove into the lobby of the Taba Hilton and exploded, killing 31 people and wounding some 159 others. Ten floors of the hotel collapsed following the blast.^[1]

Some 50 kilometers (31 mi) south, at campsites at Ras al-Shitan, near Nuweiba, two more sites were targeted. A car parked in front of a restaurant at the Moon Island resort exploded, killing two Israelis and a Bedouin. Twelve were wounded. Another blast happened moments later, targeting the Baddiyah tourist camp, but no one was hurt, apparently because the bomber had been scared off by a guard and did not enter the crowded resort.^[2]

Of the 34 who were killed, 18 were Egyptians, 12 were from Israel, two from Italy, one from Russia, and one was an Israeli-American.

The investigation

According to the Egyptian government, the bombers were Palestinians who had tried to enter Israel to carry out attacks there but were unsuccessful. They claimed that the mastermind, Iyad Saleh, recruited Egyptians and Bedouins to find explosives to be used in the attacks. Beginning in March 2004, the bombers used washing machine timers, mobile phones and modified gas cylinders to build the bombs. They used TNT and old explosives found in the Sinai (as it was many times a war zone), which were purchased from Bedouins, to complete the bombs.^[3] Egypt has said that Saleh and one of his aides, Suleiman Ahmed Saleh Flayfil, died in the Hilton blast, apparently because their bomb timer had run out too fast.^[4]

Three Egyptians, Younes Mohammed Mahmoud, Osama al-Nakhlawi, and Mohammed Jaez Sabbah were sentenced to death in November 2006 for their roles in the blast.^[5] Egypt arrested up to 2,400 people following the attacks.^[6]

The initial investigations by the Israeli and Egyptian governments centered on al-Qaeda, with Israeli Foreign Minister Silvan Shalom saying "The type, the planning, the scope, the simultaneous attacks in a number of places, all this points to al-Qaeda".^[7] However, Egyptian Presidential Spokesman Majid `Abd al-Fatah later stated that there was no evidence linking the organisation to the attack, instead claiming it was the work of a lone wolf driven by "injustice, aggression and despair" over the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.^[8]

Aftermath

Israel had warned in September 2004 that there were planned bombings in the Sinai, but most Israelis did not heed those warnings and went on vacation there instead.^[9] Many Israelis left the Sinai after the bombings, along with some foreign tourists, but the effects on the country's tourism were not too severe.^{[citation needed]}

Militants struck again in Cairo at tourists in April 2005, killing three and wounding several. Similar attacks took place in resorts in Sharm El Sheikh in July 2005 and in Dahab in 2006.^[10]

On 9 May 2006, Egyptian security forces shot dead Nasser Khamis el-Mallahi, leader of the militant group. The shootout took place in Al-Arish, where el-Mallahi and Abu Jarair are native.^[11]^[12]

References

^ "Death toll rises in Egypt blasts". BBC News. 9 October 2004. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
^ Spiller, Penny (11 October 2004). "Taba attacks shatter Sinai tourism". BBC News. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
^ "'Sinai attackers failed to enter Israel'". Ynetnews. 2 April 2005. Retrieved 3 January 2014.
^ Wilson, Scott (26 October 2004). "Egypt Jails Five In Sinai Attacks". The Washington Post. p. A17. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 8 January 2008.
^ "Egyptian Court Condemns 3 Militants". The Washington Post. 30 November 2006.
^ "Mass arrests after Sinai bombs". BBC News. 23 February 2005. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
^ Osnos, Evan (9 November 2004). "Israel says Al Qaeda top suspect in bombings". Chicago Tribune.
^ Howeidy, Amira (3 November 2004). "Al-Ahram Weekly". Al-Ahram Weekly.
^ "Security questions over Sinai attacks". BBC News. 8 October 2004. Retrieved 3 January 2013.
^ Halawi, Jailan (27 April – 3 May 2006). "Sects and politics". Al Ahram Weekly (792). Archived from the original on 8 May 2013. Retrieved 29 November 2014.
^ "Egypt bombings 'mastermind' killed". CNN Edition. 6 May 2006. Retrieved 20 March 2023.
^ "Egyptian Police Kill Militant Blamed for Bombings". Voice of America. 31 October 2009. Retrieved 20 March 2023.