1983 is a turning point in the story of Italian television. After thirty years of undisputed RAI preponderance, Berlusconi's Canale 5 fights as equal the public television and crushes the competition by the other two private networks: Rusconi's Italia 1 is absorbed by Fininvest, Mondadori's Rete 4, despite a programming of good standard, must face growing debts, moreover for a bad management of the advertising.
March 6: the third RAI channel, till then publicity free, begins to broadcast advertisements.
June 13: the popular presenter Enzo Tortora is jailed, with the charge of Camorra association and drug trafficking; the public opinion divides into supporters of his innocence or guilt.
October 3: RAI anticipates the opening of TV broadcasting from half past twelve to noon. In the lunch time slot, so far neglected, the first RAI channel airs a new phone quiz show, Pronto Raffaella? with Raffaella Carrà (see below).[3]
October 9: the First, Second and Third RAI Channels change name in RAI 1, RAI 2 and RAI 3 and get new logos (respectively, a sphere, a cube and a pyramid).
Private channels
January 2: birth of Rete A, owned by the editor Alberto Peruzzo. It begins as a generalist channel, but soon it specializes in home shopping and Latin-American telenovelas.[4]
January 5: Edilio Rusconi sells Italia 1 to Fininvest, for 35 billion liras. The channel becomes a television aimed to the young people.[3]
April 26–27: Rete 4 gets a scoop. While in Turin the trial to the Red Brigades is in progress, the channel broadcasts, in two evenings, an Enzo Biagi's interview to Patrizio Peci, former terrorist, and then collaborator of justice.[5]
May:Canale 5, with a share of 13 %, overwhelms RAI 2 and becomes the second Italian channel; Publitalia, the Fininvest advertising agency, with a 504 million liras turnover, overcomes Sipra, the RAI agency.[3]
November 21: Canale 5 airs the first episode of the miniseries The thorn birds; it gets very high ratings, with a peak of 14 million viewers, also thanks its scandalous matter (the forbidden love of a Catholic priest). In competition, Rete 4 airs The winds of war but with very disappointing audience results, despite a massive advertising campaign. The defeat in the “war of the fictions” deepens the Rete 4's crisis.[6]
Debuts
RAI
Variety
Pronto Raffaella? (Hello Raffaella?) – Noon show on RAI 1, directed by Gianni Boncompagni and hosted by Raffaella Carrà; 2 seasons. The program alternates musical numbers, talk show moments (with important guests, as Mother Teresa) [7] and phone games. It gets an extraordinary and unexpected public success, moreover thanks to the phone games,; they are very simple and naïve but allow the public at home to interact with the TV star. RAI is forced to strictly rule the calls, to avoid the clogging of the phone lines.[8]
Ci pensiamo lunedì (We'll think about it on Monday) – by Romolo Siena, with Renzo Montagnani (who, for the show, creates the character of the hot tempered priest Don Fumino) and Alida Chelli; 2 seasons.[10]
Napoli prima e dopo (Naples, first and after) – festival of Naples songs; 34 editions.
Caccia al tesoro – game of scavenger hunt in exotic places, hosted by Jocelyn Hattab and Lea Pericoli; 2 edizioni.
Il cappello sulle ventitré[11] – sexy variety, including also stripteases with full nudity, hosted by Paolo Mosca and Rosa Fumetto; 4 seasons.[12]
Loretta Goggi in quiz – quiz about show business, hosted by Loretta Goggi; 2 seasons.
Test, gioco per conoscersi (A game to know himself) – game based on the psychological tests, hosted by the journalist Emilio Fede and the psychologist Enzo Spaltro; 2 seasons.
Giallo sera, hosted by Renzo Palmer; 2 seasons. The contenders must solve a crime story, played by the same Palmer as a hotel detective.
News and educational
Colosseum – semiserious magazine about the game and the show, by Brando Giordani and Emilio Ravel; 5 seasons.
La straordinaria storia dell’Italia (Extraordinary history of Italy) – with various hosts and Rossana Podestà as constant guest; 4 seasons.
For children
La banda dello zecchino (The zecchino band, later Il sabato dello zecchino, The zecchino Saturday and Ma che domenica! What a Sunday), weekly show bound to the Zecchino d’oro, with various hosts; 19 seasons.
Cartoni magici (Magic cartoons) – 2 seasons.
Fininvest
Variety
Drive-in – cabaret show, set in an imaginary drive-in restaurant, written by Antonio Ricci, with Gianfranco D’Angelo, Ezio Greggio and Enrico Beruschi; 5 seasons. The show is based to two elements, by then revolutionary: the unceasing flux, without musical moments or dead times, of sketches, comic monologues and film parodies; and the constant presence of nice girls scantily dressed. It is the most successful Fininvest variety of the Eighties and launches many comic actors (Giorgio Faletti, Enzo Braschi, Enzo Salvi) and female sex-symbols (Carmen Russo, Lory Del Santo).
Accendi un’amica (Light a friend): home shopping program (RETE A). Some hosts, as Guido Angeli, testimonial of the Aiazzone furniture, and Wanna Marchi, producer and seller of improbable slimming products, become popular despite (or thanks) the bad taste of their performances.
M’ama non m’ama (He loves me or not?) (Rete 4), with Sabina Ciuffini and Marco Predolin; 3 seasons. First Italian dating show
Un milione al secondo (A million by second) (Rete 4) – quiz hosted by Pippo Baudo (for the first time in a private channel); 2 seasons.
Gli affari sono affari (Business is business) (TMC) – game show hosted by Jocelyn Hattab, set in a supermarket, with clients casually chosen as contenders; 2 edizioni.
10 registi italiani, 10 racconti italiani (10 Italian directors, 10 Italian tales); cycle of TV movies. The most signifiant is Avventura di un fotografo (A photographer's adventure) by Francesco Maselli, from an Italo Calvino's tale.
Per un viaggio in Italia, trilogy of TV-movie about a travel in Italy, directed by three non-Italian female writer (Susan Sontag, Edith Bruck, Marguerite Duras).
Un marziano a Roma (A martian in Rome) – directed and interpreted by Antonio Salines, from an Ennio Flaiano's play. An alien landed in Rome passes quickly from fame to oblivion.
La freccia nel fianco (The arrow in the side) – by Giovanni Fago, with Anne Canovas, from the Luciano Zuccoli novel, about the tragic love between a mature woman and a younger boy.
Piccolo mondo antico (The little world of the past) by Salvatore Nocita, from Antonio Fogazzaro's novel, with Mario Cordova, Laura Lattuada and Alida Valli; 4 episodes. It's followed by other two miniseries from Fogazzaro (Piccolo mondo moderno, by Daniele D’Anza, and Il santo, by Gianluigi Caldirone).
Le storie di Mozziconi – by Nanni Fabbri, with Leo Gullotta as a Roman tramp, from Luigi Malerba's tales.
Variety
Morto Troisi, viva Troisi! (Troisi is dead, hail for Troisi) – by Massimo Troisi, with Roberto Benigni and Lello Arena; mockumentary where the Neapolitan actor stages his death, his burials and the hypocritical comments of his colleagues.[19]
Pranzo in TV (Dinner in TV) – talk show, hosted by Luciano Rispoli; VIP and ordinary people are reunited around a dinner table to comment the daily events.[20]