1896 Eastern North America heat wave

Death certificate of Peder Matthias Olsen (1849–1896), killed during the 1896 eastern North America heat wave

The 1896 eastern North America heat wave was a 10-day heat wave in New York City, Boston, Newark and Chicago that killed about 1,500 people in August 1896.[1][2][3]

History

There were ten days of temperatures at least 90 °F (32 °C) with high humidity and little breeze.[4] The temperatures in New York did not drop below 72 °F (22 °C) at night, with three consecutive nights at 80 °F (27 °C) or above. It killed more than the New York City draft riots and the Great Chicago Fire combined.[2] A majority of the deaths were of working-class men in their twenties who performed manual labor.

The New York City Public Works Commissioner ordered that his workers' shifts be modified so they would not be working during midday, and he had fire hydrants opened to cool people on the street. Theodore Roosevelt, then New York City Police Commissioner, distributed free ice from local police stations. After accidental deaths from people falling off the roofs they were sleeping on, the New York City Parks Department allowed people to sleep in parks overnight.[1][2]

References

  1. ^ a b "The Heat Wave Of 1896 And The Rise Of Roosevelt". NPR. August 11, 2010. Retrieved 2010-08-25.
  2. ^ a b c Edward P. Kohn (2010). Hot Time in the Old Town: The Great Heat Wave of 1896. Basic Books. ISBN 978-0-465-01336-4.
  3. ^ "Prostration and Death". Boston Globe. August 12, 1896. Archived from the original on January 31, 2013. Retrieved 2012-03-09.
  4. ^ Armstrong, Henry E. (August 9, 1936). "Visitation of August, 1896, Caused 564 Deaths in the New York City Zone". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-08-30.