Events from the year 1509 in art.

• June 11 – Luca Pacioli's De divina proportione, concerning the golden ratio, is published in Venice, with illustrations by Leonardo da Vinci.

• Fra Bartolomeo
  • Madonna and Child with Saints (altarpiece, Lucca Cathedral)
  • The Rest on the Flight into Egypt, with St. John the Baptist (Getty Museum)
• Lucas Cranach the Elder – Venus and Cupid
• Gerard David – The Virgin among the Virgins
• Raphael
  • Portrait of Tommaso Inghirami
  • Stanza della Segnatura (fresco, Apostolic Palace, Vatican)
• Titian (previously attributed to Giorgione) – Pastoral Concert (approximate date)

• (born 1509/1512): Niccolo dell'Abbate, Italian Mannerist painter and decorator, of the Emilian school (died 1571)
• Daniele da Volterra, Italian mannerist painter and sculptor (died 1566)
• Leone Leoni, Italian sculptor and medallist (died 1590)
• Danese Cattaneo, Italian sculptor (died 1572)

• Pietro del Donzello, Italian painter (born 1452)
• Adam Kraft, German sculptor and master builder of the late Gothic period (born 1455)
• Hans Seyffer, German stone sculptor and wood carver of the late Gothic style (born 1460)
• Shen Zhou, Ming dynasty master in painting, poetry, and calligraphy (born 1427)
• 1509/1517: Benvenuto di Giovanni, Italian artist, manuscripts (born 1436)