1098

Millennium: 2nd millennium
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1098 by topic
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Births – Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
1098 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1098
MXCVIII
Ab urbe condita1851
Armenian calendar547
ԹՎ ՇԽԷ
Assyrian calendar5848
Balinese saka calendar1019–1020
Bengali calendar505
Berber calendar2048
English Regnal year11 Will. 2 – 12 Will. 2
Buddhist calendar1642
Burmese calendar460
Byzantine calendar6606–6607
Chinese calendar丁丑年 (Fire Ox)
3795 or 3588
    — to —
戊寅年 (Earth Tiger)
3796 or 3589
Coptic calendar814–815
Discordian calendar2264
Ethiopian calendar1090–1091
Hebrew calendar4858–4859
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1154–1155
 - Shaka Samvat1019–1020
 - Kali Yuga4198–4199
Holocene calendar11098
Igbo calendar98–99
Iranian calendar476–477
Islamic calendar491–492
Japanese calendarJōtoku 2
(承徳２年)
Javanese calendar1002–1003
Julian calendar1098
MXCVIII
Korean calendar3431
Minguo calendar814 before ROC
民前814年
Nanakshahi calendar−370
Seleucid era1409/1410 AG
Thai solar calendar1640–1641
Tibetan calendar阴火牛年
(female Fire-Ox)
1224 or 843 or 71
    — to —
阳土虎年
(male Earth-Tiger)
1225 or 844 or 72
Baldwin of Boulogne entering Edessa.

Year 1098 (MXCVIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

By place

First Crusade

  • February 9 – Battle of the Lake of Antioch: The Crusaders under Bohemond I defeat a Seljuk relief force (some 12,000 men) led by Sultan Fakhr al-Mulk Radwan of Aleppo. Bohemond gathers 700 knights, and marches in the night to ambush the Seljuk Turks at the Lake of Antioch (modern Turkey). After several successful cavalry charges the Crusaders rout the Seljuk army, forcing Radwan to retreat back to Aleppo.[1]
  • March 10 – Baldwin of Boulogne enters Edessa, and is welcomed as liberator by the Armenian clergy. The local population massacres the Seljuk garrison and officials – or forces them to flee. Baldwin is acknowledged as their ruler (or doux). He assumes the title of count and establishes the first crusader state. Baldwin marries Arda of Armenia, daughter of Lord Thoros of Marash, and consolidates his conquered territory.[2]
  • June 3 – Siege of Antioch: The Crusaders under Bohemond I capture Antioch after a 8-month siege. He established secret contact with Firouz, an Armenian guard who controlled the "Tower of the Two Sisters". He opened the gates and Bohemond entered the city. Thousands of Christians are massacred along with Muslims. Bohemond is named Prince of Antioch (under protest) and creates the Principality of Antioch.[3]
  • June 5 – Battle of Antioch: Emir Kerbogha, ruler (atabeg) of Mosul, arrives at Antioch with a Seljuk army (35,000 men) to relieve the city. He lays siege to the Crusaders who have just captured the city themselves (although they do not have full control of it). A Byzantine relief force led by Emperor Alexios I Komnenos turns back after Count Stephen of Blois convinces them that the situation in Antioch is hopeless.[4]
  • June 28 – Following the Holy Lance discovery by Peter Bartholomew in Antioch, the Crusaders under Bohemond I (leaving only 200 men) sortie from the city and defeat the Seljuk army. Kerbogha is forced to withdraw to Mosul, the garrison in the citadel surrenders to Bohemond personally (who raises his banner above the city) and the Crusaders occupy Antioch. The Crusade is delayed for the rest of the year.[5]
  • July 14 – Donation of Altavilla: Bohemond I grants commercial privileges and the right to use warehouses (fondaco) to the Republic of Genoa. This marks the beginning of Italian merchant settlements in the Levant.[6]
  • August 1 – Adhemar of Le Puy (or Aimar), French bishop and nominal leader of the First Crusade, dies during an epidemic (probably typhus). With this, Rome's direct control over the Crusade effectively ends.
  • August – Fatimid forces under Caliph Al-Musta'li recapture Jerusalem and occupy Palestine. The Crusaders threaten the borders of the Fatimid Caliphate which already has lost the Emirate of Sicily (see 1091).
  • December 12 – Siege of Ma'arra: The Crusaders capture the city of Ma'arra after a month's siege and massacre part of the population. Short of supplies, the army is accused of widespread cannibalism.

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References

  1. ^ Abels, Richard Philip; Bernard S. Bachrach (2001). The Normans and their adversaries at war. Woodbridge: Boydell & Brewer. p. 92. ISBN 0-85115-847-1.
  2. ^ Tyerman, Christopher (2006). God's War: A New History of the Crusades, p. 134. The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-02387-1.
  3. ^ Rickard, J. "Antioch, crusader siege of, 21 October 1097-3 June 1098". Retrieved January 4, 2012.
  4. ^ Andrew Roberts (2011). Great Commanders of the Medieval World (454–1582), p. 121. ISBN 978-0-85738-589-5.
  5. ^ Rickard, J. "Battle of the Orontes, 28 June 1098 (First Crusade)". Retrieved January 4, 2012.
  6. ^ Benvenuti, Gino (1985). Le Repubbliche Marinare. Amalfi, Pisa, Genova e Venezia. Rome: Newton & Compton Editori. p. 34. ISBN 88-8289-529-7.
  7. ^ Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 56–58. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
  8. ^ Siecienski, Anthony Edward (2010). The Filioque: History of a Doctrinal Controversy. Oxford University Press. pp. 117–118. ISBN 9780195372045.