.45-75 Winchester

.45-75 Winchester Centennial

Type

Rifle

Place of origin

United States

Production history

Designed

1876^[1]

Manufacturer

Winchester Repeating Arms Company^[1]

Produced

1876–1935^[2]

Specifications

Case type

Rimmed, bottleneck^[1]

Bullet diameter

0.4575 inches (11.62 mm)^[3]

Neck diameter

0.478 inches (12.1 mm)^[1]

Shoulder diameter

0.547 inches (13.9 mm)^[1]

Base diameter

0.559 inches (14.2 mm)^[1]

Case length

1.89 inches (48 mm)^[1]

Overall length

2.25 inches (57 mm)^[1]

Ballistic performance

Bullet mass/type	Velocity	Energy
350 gr (23 g) Lead	1,383 ft/s (422 m/s)	1,485 ft⋅lbf (2,013 J)

The .45-75 Winchester / 11.62x48mmR Centennial is an intermediate centerfire rifle cartridge developed in 1876 for the newly designed Winchester Model 1876 Centennial lever-action rifle. Winchester Repeating Arms Company introduced the rifle and cartridge at the United States Centennial Exposition. The Model 1876 rifle used an enlarged version of the famous Winchester Model 1873 action to offer a lever-action repeating rifle using cartridges suitable for big-game hunting. The cartridge and rifle enjoyed brief popularity with Gilded Age American hunters including Theodore Roosevelt, and was issued to the Canadian North-West Mounted Police and to Texas Rangers.^[4]

Description

Nomenclature of the era indicated the .45-75 cartridge contained a 0.45-inch (11.43 mm) diameter bullet with 75 grains (4.9 g) of gunpowder. Early Winchester ammunition boxes suggested reloading empty cartridge cases with government musket powder or with American Powder Company Deadshot Fg, Hazard Powder Company Sea Shooting Fg, DuPont Rifle FFg, Oriental Powder Company Western Sporting Fg, Laflin & Rand Orange Rifle Fg, or Austin Powder Company Rifle Powder FFg. Boxes also recommended casting bullets from an alloy of one part tin and sixteen parts lead and lubricating bullets with Japan wax or tallow.^[5]

The .45-75 was shorter and fatter than the .45-70 government cartridge. Although the .45-75 was nominally superior to the popular .45-70, the weak toggle-link action with its elevator-style carrier originally designed for handgun cartridges limited the ability of the Model 1876 rifle to safely fire higher pressure loads intended for stronger actions. Within a decade, the Model 1876's advantage of faster loading for subsequent shots was eclipsed by the stronger and smoother Winchester Model 1886 action capable of handling longer cartridges, including the .45-70 with varying lengths for 300 and 500 grain bullets.^[4]

The Kennedy lever-action rifle manufactured by Whitney Arms Company was also chambered for the .45-75. The .45-75 and similarly short .40-60 Winchester, .45-60 Winchester, and .50-95 Winchester Express cartridges designed for the Model 1876 rifle faded into obsolescence as 20th-century hunters preferred more powerful smokeless powder loadings of longer cartridges designed for stronger rifles. Winchester production of .45-75 cartridges ended during the Great Depression.^[2]

Dimensions

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Hawks, Chuck. "Buffalo Cartridges of the American Frontier". Collector's Corner. Retrieved 11 November 2014.
^ ^a ^b Barnes, Frank C. (2012). Cartridges of the World. Gun Digest Books. p. 154. ISBN 978-1440230592.
^ *Sharpe, Philip B. Complete Guide to Handloading, p.431. New York, NY: Funk & Wagnalls, 1953.
^ ^a ^b Hacker, Rick (2014). "Winchester Model 1876". American Rifleman. 162 (November). National Rifle Association of America: 120.
^ "A close look at some early Winchester .45-75 boxes". The Cartridge Collector's Exchange. Retrieved 12 November 2014.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to .45-75 Winchester.

.45-75 Winchester (Centennial) Archived 2021-01-09 at the Wayback Machine
Case Histories: .45-75 WCF
Handloading the .45-75 WCF
uberti 1876 45-75 BP - ajg6989 on YouTube

v t e Rimmed cartridges
Handgun and Carbine	.22 Hornet .22 Remington Jet .32 S&W Long .38 S&W .38 Special .38-40 Winchester .41 Short Colt .41 Long Colt .41 Special .44 Remington Centerfire .44 Russian .44 S&W American .44 Special .44-40 Winchester .45 Colt .45 Auto Rim .45 Schofield .454 Casull .455 Webley .475 Linebaugh .500 Linebaugh .500 Special .500 S&W Magnum 7.62×38mmR 8mm Gasser 9mm Japanese revolver 10.4mm Swiss Centerfire 10.6×25mmR 11.3×36mmR
Shotgun	2 bore 4 bore 6 bore 8 bore .410 bore 12 gauge shotgun
Intermediate	.22 Winchester Centerfire .222 Rimmed .25-20 Winchester .32-20 Winchester .45-60 Winchester .45-75 Winchester .50-70 Government 10.4×47mmR 11x42mmR Albini-Comblain 11×50mmR Comblain 12x46mmR Musket Spain XPL 14×33mmR Wänzl
Fully powered	5.6×57mmR 6.5×53mmR 7-30 Waters 7.62×53mmR 7.62×54mmR 8×50mmR Lebel 8×50mmR Mannlicher 8×52mmR Mannlicher 8×56mmR 8×58mmR Danish Krag 9.3×74mmR 9×53mmR 10.15×61mmR 11×59mmR Gras 11×58mmR .22 Savage Hi-Power .30-30 Winchester .30-40 Krag .30 R Blaser .32 Winchester Special .32-40 Ballard .38-40 Winchester .38-55 Winchester .38-72 Winchester .40-72 Winchester .45-70 .50-110 Winchester .219 Zipper .222 Rimmed .303 British .303 Savage .307 Winchester .348 Winchester .375 Winchester .405 Winchester .600 Nitro Express
Autocannon	20×99mmR 20.3×95mmR 20×145mmR 20×180mmR 25×193.5mmR 25x205mmR 25x187mmR 37x57mmR 37x94mmR 37×145mmR 37x190R 37×223mm. R 37×249mmR 37×250mmR 37×254mm. R 37×258mmR 37x268mmR 37x380mmR 40×158mmR
Artillery	40×304mmR 40×311mmR 47x351R 57×441mmR 57×464mmR 75x272mmR 75x350mmR 76.2×420mmR 76.2×583mmR 84x295mmR 88x292mmR 94x92mmR 94x206R 94x675mmR 94x857mmR 113 640–645mmR 114x73-86mmR 114x695mmR 133x782mmR
Flare and Riot	37 mm flare 37 mm riot gun
Blank	.50-120 Federal FireStick 5-in-1 blank cartridge 9mm x 17 / .380 R

Winchester firearms and cartridges

Rifles

Lever-action	Henry rifle Model 1866 Model 1873 Model 1876 Model 1886 Model 1892 Model 1894 Model 1895 Model 53 Model 55 Model 64 Model 65 Model 71 Model 88 Model 150 Model 250 Model 255 Model 9422
Bolt-action	Model 1878 Hotchkiss Model 1895 Lee Navy Model 1900 Model 1902 Model 1904 Model 43 Model 47 Model 51 Imperial Model 52 Model 54 Model 56 Model 57 Model 58 Model 59 Model 60 Model 60A Model 67 Model 68 Model 69 Model 70 Model 72 Model 75 Model 121 Model 131 Model 141 Model 320 Model 325 Model 670 Model 770
Pump-action	Model 1890 Model 1906 Model 61 Model 62 Model 62A Model 270
Semi-automatic	Model 1903 Model 1905 Model 1907 Model 1910 Model 30 Model 63 Model 74 Model 77 Model 100 Model 190 Model 290 Model 490
Full-automatic	Olin/Winchester FAL Model 1917 WAR
Falling-block action	Model 1885

Shotguns

Pump-action	Model 1893 Model 1897 Model 1912 Model 25 Model 42 Model 1200 Model 1300
Lever-action	Model 1887 Model 1901 Model 9410
Single-shot	Model 20 Model 36 Model 37 Model 37A Model 41
Double-barrel	Model 21 Model 24 Model 96 Model 101
Semi-automatic	Model 1911 SL Model 40 Model 50 Model 59 Model 1400 Model 1500 SX-1

Cartridges

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