Ōshō (王将, ōshō) is one of the eight titles in Japanese professional shogi. The tournament is co-sponsored by Sports Nippon and the Mainichi Shimbun with additional support received from ALSOK [ja] and the Igo & Shogi Channel [ja].[1]
The word also refers to the piece called the "King" in shogi.
The tournament was first held in 1950 as a non-title tournament. The following year in 1951, it was elevated to major title status as the third major title along with the Meijin and Tenth Dan (later Ryūō) title tournaments.
The tournament is open to all shogi professionals (正棋士, seikishi) and takes place in four stages. The first and second preliminary rounds consist of multiple single-elimination tournaments in which the first round winners advance to compete against each other in the second round. The three winners of the second round tournaments then advance to a round-robin league called the "challenger league (挑戦者決定リーグ戦, Chōsensha Kettei Rīgusen)" along with four seeded players. The winner of the challenger league then advances to a best-of-seven championship match against the reigning Ōshō title holder. If two players or more finish tied for first in the challenger league, a single-game playoff between the two highest seeded players is held to determine the challenger. The time controls are three hours per player for the two preliminary rounds, four hours per player for the challenger league, and eight hours per player for the championship match. The championship match is held from January to March.[2]
The following is a list of the winners and runners-up for past Ōshō title matches.[3]
"Lifetime Ōshō" (永世王将, Eisei Ōshō) is the title given to a player who has won the championship ten times. An active player may qualify for the title, but it is only officially awarded upon retirement or death. Yasuharu Oyama and Yoshiharu Habu are the only players who have qualified for this title: Oyama qualified in 1973 and Habu qualified for the title in 2007.[19]
There is a separate tournament held each year for amateurs called the Amateur Osho Tournament [ja] which is sponsored by the Japan Shogi Association with support from the Igo & Shogi Channel. The winner is awarded the title "Amateur Ōshō" (アマ王将, Ama Ōshō).[20]
羽生善治王将(39)に久保利明棋王(34)が挑戦する第59期王将戦7番勝負の第6局...久保が超急戦を逆転勝利した。初の王将位を奪取して...[Toshiaki Kubo Kioh (age 34), challenger to Yoshiharu Habu Osho (age 39), comes from behind to win a very sharp Game 6 of the 7-game 59th Osho title to win Osho title for the first time.]
久保利明王将 (35) が勝ち, 通算成績4勝2敗で初防衛を果たした。[Toshiaki Kubo Osho (age 35) wins and defends title for the first time by a score of 4-2]
挑戦者の佐藤康光九段(42)が久保利明王将(36)に109手で勝って, 通算成績を4勝1敗とし, タイトルを奪取した。[Challenger Yasumitsu Sato 9-dan (age 42) defeats Toshiaki Kubo Osho (age 36) in 109 moves to win match 4-1 and capture the title.]
124手で後手の渡辺竜王が勝ち, 対戦成績4勝1敗で初めて王将を奪取。[Challenger Watanabe Ryu-oh wins in 124 moves as gote to win match 4–1 and capture the Osho title for the first time.]
渡辺明王将(29)が挑戦者の羽生善治三冠(43)に110手で勝ち, シリーズ4勝3敗で初防衛を果たした。[Akira Watanabe Osho (age 29) defeats challenger Yoshiharu Habu 3-crown (age 43) in 110 moves to win series 4-3 and defend title for the first time.]
挑戦者で先手の郷田真隆九段(44)が渡辺明王将(30)=棋王=に99手で勝ち, 対戦成績を4勝3敗として初めて王将位を奪取した。[Challenger Goda 9-dan (age 44) defeats defending champion Watanabe (age 30)—also reigning Kioh holder—in 99 moves as sente to win match 4–3 and capture the Osho title for the first time.]
王将戦 永世王将 通算10期 大山康晴 (1973)・羽生善治 (2007). [Osho Match: Lifetime Osho, A total of 10 times, Yasuharu Oyama (1973) - Yoshiharu Habu (2007)]
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