UNICEF

Διεθνές Ταμείο Επείγουσας Βοήθειας των Ηνωμένων Εθνών για τα Παιδιά
ΣυντομογραφίαUNICEF
Ίδρυση1946
ΙδρυτήςΓενική Συνέλευση του Οργανισμού Ηνωμένων Εθνών και Λούντβικ Ράιτσμαν
ΤύποςΤαμείο
ΈδραΝέα Υόρκη, Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες Αμερικής
ΕπικεφαλήςΕνριέτα Χόλσμαν Φορ
Μητρική οργάνωσηECOSOC
Ιστότοποςhttp://www.unicef.org
δεδομένα (π • σ • ε )

Η UNICEF (προφέρεται Γιούνισεφ), προέρχεται από τους αρχικούς χαρακτήρες των αγγλικών λέξεων: United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund, (Διεθνές Ταμείο Επείγουσας Βοήθειας των Ηνωμένων Εθνών για τα Παιδιά) δημιουργήθηκε από την γενική συνέλευση του Οργανισμού Ηνωμένων Εθνών, στις 11 Δεκεμβρίου 1946. Γενικός στόχος της είναι η παροχή μακροπρόθεσμης ανθρωπιστικής βοήθειας σε παιδιά,μητέρες και άντρες που ζουν σε αναπτυσσόμενες χώρες, καθώς και η στήριξη σχετικών αναπτυξιακών προγραμμάτων. Το 1953 η UNICEF έγινε μόνιμο μέλος του συστήματος του Οργανισμού Ηνωμένων Εθνών και έχει την έδρα της στη Νέα Υόρκη.

Τα κύρια έσοδα της UNICEF προέρχονται από κυβερνήσεις κρατών, καθώς και ιδιώτες και ανέρχονταν για το 2006 στα 2.781.000.000 δολάρια Η.Π.Α. Το 1965 η UNICEF τιμήθηκε με το Βραβείο Νόμπελ Ειρήνης, για την προστασία των παιδιών του Τρίτου Κόσμου.[1]

Δομή

Η UNICEF διαθέτει γραφεία σε πάνω από 200 χώρες, τα οποία υπάγονται οργανικά σε 7 επί μέρους γεωγραφικούς τομείς. Η διοίκηση ασκείται από την έδρα στην Νέα Υόρκη. Σε αντίθεση με μη κυβερνητικές οργανώσεις αναλόγου ανθρωπιστικού χαρακτήρα, η UNICEF είναι διακυβερνητικός οργανισμός και έτσι υπολογίσιμος για τις κυβερνήσεις των κρατών. Αυτό το χαρακτηριστικό προσφέρει επιπλέον δυνατότητες και ευελιξία για δραστηριοποίηση σε κάθε χώρα, αλλά μπορεί σε μεμονωμένες περιπτώσεις να αποτελέσει και εμπόδιο σε χώρες με ολοκληρωτικό καθεστώς.

Διατελέσαντες εκτελεστικοί διευθυντές

Παραπομπές

  1. ↑ Νόμπελ Ειρήνης στη Γιούνισεφ, Ιστορικό Λεύκωμα 1965, σελ. 155, Καθημερινή (1997)

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