Θωμισμός

Θωμάς Ακινάτης (π. 1225–1274)

Ο Θωμισμός είναι η φιλοσοφική σχολή που άνθισε ως κληρονομιά του έργου και της σκέψης του φιλοσόφου, θεολόγου και γιατρού Θωμά Ακινάτη (1225-1274). Στην φιλοσοφία, οι αμφισβητούμενες ερωτήσεις και σχόλιά του για τον Αριστοτέλη είναι ίσως από τα γνωστότερα έργα του. Στην θεολογία, το Summa Theologica είναι ένα από τα σημαντικότερα έγγραφα στην μεσαιωνική θεολογία και συνεχίζει να αποτελεί το κεντρικό σημείο αναφοράς για την φιλοσοφία και την θεολογία της Καθολικής Εκκλησίας. Το 1914, ο πάπας Πίος Χ προειδοποίησε ότι οι διδασκαλίες της Εκκλησίας δεν μπορούν να γίνουν κατανοητές χωρίς τα βασικά φιλοσοφικά θεμέλια των θέσεων του Ακινάτη.[1]

Οι βασικές θέσεις στην φιλοσοφία του Αγίου Θωμά δεν πρέπει να τοποθετηθούν στην κατηγορία των απόψεων που δύνανται να συζητηθούν με τον ένα ή τον άλλο τρόπο αλλά μπορούν να θεωρηθούν ως τα θεμέλια πάνω στα οποία βασίζεται ολόκληρη η επιστήμη των φυσικών και θεϊκών πραγμάτων. Αν αυτές οι αρχές κάποτε αφαιρεθούν ή με οποιονδήποτε τρόπο αλλοιωθούν, πρέπει αναγκαία να θεωρηθεί ότι οι μαθητές των ιερών κειμένων θα αποτύχουν να αντιληφθούν σε σημαντικό βαθμό την έννοια των λέξεων οι οποίες σχετίζονται άμεσα με τα δόγματα της θεϊκής αποκάλυψης όπως αυτά προτείνονται από την Εκκλησία.[2]

Παραπομπές

  1. ↑ «Doctoris Angelici». maritain.nd.edu. Αρχειοθετήθηκε από το πρωτότυπο στις 15 Απριλίου 2023. Ανακτήθηκε στις 29 Μαΐου 2021. 
  2. ↑ Pope Pius X, Doctoris Angelici, 29 June 1914.

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