Scipionen

Die Scipionen (lateinisch Cornelii Scipiones bzw. kurz Scipiones) mit dem Nomen Cornelius Scipio (weibliche Form: Cornelia Scipia), bestehend aus dem Gentilnamen Cornelius und dem Beinamen (Cognomen) Scipio (lateinisch für „Stock“), waren der berühmteste Zweig (lateinisch stirps) des römischen patrizischen Geschlechts (lateinisch gens) der Cornelier. Sie gingen wohl auf die Cornelii Malugenses zurück und insbesondere während der Punischen Kriege gegen Karthago machten sich mehrere Angehörige der Familie einen großen Namen. Am Ende der Republik gingen die Cornelii Scipiones in den Cornelii Lentuli auf, die in der Kaiserzeit auch das Cognomen Scipio wiederbelebten.

Familienmitglieder

Bekannte Scipiones waren:

Familiengrab

Ihr berühmtes Familiengrab lag an der Via Appia vor der Porta Capena, wo ihre Leichen unverbrannt in Sarkophagen in unterirdischen Kammern beigesetzt wurden. Dieses Grab wurde 1614 gefunden und 1780 ganz aufgedeckt (Veröffentlichung von Giovanni Battista Piranesi). Die Funde an Inschriften, Sarkophagen und Skulpturenschmuck gelangten größtenteils in die Vatikanischen Museen; der älteste Africanus soll dort z. B. eine Büste des Dichters Ennius aufgestellt haben.

Literatur

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