Pentode

Pentodensymbol
Elemente von oben nach unten
A: Anode
G3: Bremsgitter
G2: Schirmgitter
G1: Steuergitter
K: Kathode
f: Heizung

Eine Pentode ist eine Elektronenröhre mit fünf Elektroden.

Geschichte und Eigenschaften

Die Pentode (Fünfpolröhre) wurde 1926 von Bernard Tellegen, einem Mitarbeiter am Philips-Forschungslabor, erfunden und zusammen mit Gilles Holst patentiert.[1]

Zusätzlich zur Anode und Kathode, dem Steuergitter und dem Schirmgitter der Tetrode, verfügt sie über ein mit der Kathode verbundenes Bremsgitter. Dieses hält die Sekundäremission der Anode vom Schirmgitter fern.

Die flache Kennlinie von Pentoden zeigt, dass die Anode durch die zusätzlichen Gitter derart abgeschirmt ist, dass eine Änderung der Anodenspannung kaum mehr Einfluss auf den Anodenstrom hat. Er ist nur von der Gittervorspannung am Steuergitter abhängig:

  • Trioden-Kennlinie
    Trioden-Kennlinie
  • Pentoden-Kennlinie
    Pentoden-Kennlinie
  • Vereinfachtes Symbol der Pentode
    Vereinfachtes Symbol der Pentode

Dadurch wird eine wesentlich höhere Verstärkung erzielt.

Ähnlich verhält sich die Strahlpentode, die aus lizenzrechtlichen Gründen Beam-Power-Tetrode genannt wurde.

Beispiele

  • Senderöhre 803, 21 cm lang, Graphitanode
    Senderöhre 803,
    21 cm lang, Graphitanode
  • Audio-Verstärkerröhre EL34 von Mullard
    Audio-Verstärkerröhre EL34 von Mullard
  • QUAD-II-Audioverstärker mit zwei EF86 als Treiber und zwei Strahlpentoden KT66 als Endstufe
    QUAD-II-Audioverstärker mit zwei EF86 als Treiber und zwei Strahlpentoden KT66 als Endstufe
  • Video-Verstärkerpentode 12BY7A
    Video-Verstärkerpentode 12BY7A
  • Makroaufnahme einer EF91
    Makroaufnahme einer EF91
  • Zerlegte EL84 v. l. n. r.: Kathode, Steuergitter, Schirmgitter, Bremsgitter, Anode
    Zerlegte EL84 v. l. n. r.: Kathode, Steuergitter, Schirmgitter, Bremsgitter, Anode
  • Subminiaturröhren ECG 5639
    Subminiaturröhren ECG 5639

Siehe auch

Commons: Pentoden – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ Patent US1945040A: Means for amplifying electric oscillations. Angemeldet am 25. November 1927, veröffentlicht am 30. Januar 1934, Anmelder: Philips NV, Erfinder: Gilles Holst, Bernardus Dominicus Hubertus Tellegen.‌

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