Pazifische Küstengebirge in Nordamerika

Die pazifischen Küstengebirge sind eine Reihe von Gebirgszügen der nordamerikanischen Kordilleren, die bei einer maximalen Ausdehnung von rund 5.300 km[1] von Alaska (Vereinigte Staaten) bis Niederkalifornien (Mexiko) reichen und damit nach den Anden das zweitlängste Gebirgssystem der Erde sind. Sie entstanden durch plattentektonische Kräfte, als die Farallon-Platte (heute nur noch ihre als Juan-de-Fuca- und Cocosplatte bezeichneten Reste) gegen die Nordamerikanische Platte prallte und dabei Faltengebirge aufwarf. Von Alaska bis in den Norden Kaliforniens ist der dabei auftretende Vulkanismus noch heute zu beobachten. Erd- und Seebeben sind entlang der ganzen Küste möglich.

Nicht zu den Küstengebirgen im engeren Sinne werden bisweilen die geologisch früher entstandenen Gebirgszüge Kaskadenkette und Sierra Nevada gerechnet. Erstere hat eine Übergangszone zu den Küstengebirgen in den Siskiyou Mountains, letztere wird von den Küstengebirgen durch das Kalifornische Längstal getrennt. Im Norden werden zudem die Alëutenkette (zum pazifischen Feuerring) und die Alaskakette nicht einbezogen.

Die Reihe der Küstengebirge wird nur durch einen großen Fluss, den Columbia River, durchbrochen. Er mündet zwischen den Olympic Mountains und der Oregon Coast Range in den Pazifik und bildet dabei die Grenzen zwischen Washington und Oregon.

Große Gebirgszüge

Mount Saint Elias, Teil der Eliaskette in Alaska

von Nord nach Süd:

Doppelgipfel „Brothers“ in den Olympic Mountains vom Meer aus

Siehe auch

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ maximale Ausdehnung nach Vermessung über die GoogleMaps-Karte: Die größten Gebirge der Erde

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