Miller Range

Miller Range

Lage Ross Dependency, Antarktika
Teil des Transantarktischen Gebirges
Miller Range (Antarktis)
Miller Range (Antarktis)
Koordinaten 83° 15′ S, 157° 0′ OKoordinaten: 83° 15′ S, 157° 0′ O

Die Miller Range ist ein Gebirgszug in der antarktischen Ross Dependency. Im Transantarktischen Gebirge erstreckt er sich vom Nimrod-Gletscher über eine Strecke von rund 80 km nach Süden entlang der Westflanke des Marsh-Gletschers.

Benannt ist er nach dem neuseeländischen Geographen Joseph Holmes Miller (1919–1986),[1] der als Mitglied der neuseeländischen Gruppe der Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition (1955–1958) dieses Gebiet kartografisch erfasste.

Geologie

Innerhalb der Miller Range[2] bildet die Nimrod Group die bedeutendste geologische Einheit. Sie erlaubt seltene Einblicke auf das ostantarktische Grundgebirge. Zusammen mit Teilen der Shackleton Range, dem Terre Adélie-Kraton und dem Gawler-Kraton formte sie die anfänglichen Krustenblöcke des Mawson-Kratons bzw. des Mawson-Kontinents[3].

Die Nimrod Group bildet einen heterogenen metamorph überprägten Komplex. Der Gesteinsbestand setzt sich überwiegend zusammen aus gebänderten Paragneisen verschiedener Kompositionen, Glimmerschiefern, Quarziten, granitisch bis gabbronitischen Orthogneisen, ultramafische Gesteinsformationen und Relikten an Eklogiten. Letztere deuten auf Subduktionsprozesse hin.

Die ältesten Gesteine datieren zwischen 3.100 und 2.720 mya. Zirkone von magmatischen Protolithen sind 3.290 bis 3.060 mya alt. Für ein detritisches quarzitisches Zirkon wurde ein Alter zwischen 2.500 bis 1.700 mya nachgewiesen. Dieses Altersspektrum korreliert mit anderen archaischen bis paläoproterozoischen ostantarktischen Gesteinen.

Deformationen und metamorphose Überprägungen erfolgten in unterschiedlichen Graden und zu verschiedenen Zeiträumen. Um 1.730 mya intrudierte ein Orthogneis die Gesteinspakete. Dieser Zeitraum entspricht der Nimrod-Kimban-Orogenese, die während der Formierung des Mawson-Kratons bzw. des Mawson-Kontinents auftrat[4][5]. Zwischen 550 und 475 mya extrudierten Plutonite während der Formierung des Ross-Orogens.

  • Miller Range. In: Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior, archiviert vom Original; (englisch).
  • Miller Range auf geographic.org (englisch)
  • G. W. Grindley und Ian McDougall: Age and correlation of the Nimrod Group and other precambrian rock units in the central Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica. In: New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. doi: 10.1080/00288306.1969.10420290.
  • John W. Goodge: Latest Neoproterozoic basin inversion of the Beardmore Group, central Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica. In: Tectonics, Vol. 16, No. 4, Pages 682-701, August 1997. doi:10.1029/97TC01417
  • John W. Goodge, Vicki L. Hansen, Simon M. Peacock, Brad K. Smith und Nicholas W. Walker: Kinematic Evolution of the Miller Range Shear Zone, Central Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica, and Implications for Neoproterozoic to early Paleozoic Tectonics of the east Antarctic Margin of Gondwana. In: Tectonics, Vol. 12, No. 6, Pages 1460-1478, December 1993. Onlineartikel

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ Miller, Joseph Holmes. Eintrag in der Encyclopedia of New Zealand (englisch, abgerufen am 7. November 2015).
  2. ↑ John W. Goodge und C. Mark Fanning: 2.5 b.y. of punctuated Earth history as recorded in a single rock. In: Geology; November 1999; v. 27; no. 11; p. 1007–1010. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1999)027<1007:BYOPEH>2.3.CO;2
  3. ↑ M. H. Monroe: Antarctica – Before and After Gondwana. In: Gondwana Research, Volume 19, Issue 2, March 2011, Pages 335-371. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2010.09.003, alternativ
  4. ↑ John W. Goodge, C. Mark Fanning und Vickie C. Bennett: U–Pb evidence of ∼1.7 Ga crustal tectonism during the Nimrod Orogeny in the Transantarctic Mountains, Antarctica: implications for Proterozoic plate reconstructions. In: Precambrian Research, Volume 112, Issues 3–4, 10 December 2001, Pages 261-288. doi:10.1016/S0301-9268(01)00193-0, alternativ
  5. ↑ Anthony J. Reid, Stacey O. McAvaney und Geoff L. Fraser: Nature of the Kimban Orogeny across northern Eyre Peninsula. In: MESA Journal 51 December 2008. PDF

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