Möbius-Inversion

Die Möbius-Inversion oder auch Möbiussche Umkehrformel geht auf August Ferdinand Möbius zurück und erlaubt es, eine zahlentheoretische Funktion aus ihrer summatorischen Funktion zu rekonstruieren.

Gegeben seien eine zahlentheoretische Funktion

und ihre summatorische Funktion

.

Dann gilt für jede natürliche Zahl

,

wobei die Möbiusfunktion auf mit Werten in bezeichnet.

Verallgemeinerung

Beim Nachweis der Umkehrformel wird vom Zielbereich der zahlentheoretischen Funktionen lediglich benutzt, dass eine abelsche Gruppe ist. Für multiplikativ notierte abelsche Gruppen erhält die Möbiussche Umkehrformel also die folgende Form:[1]

Gegeben seien eine zahlentheoretische Funktion

und ihre „summatorische“ Funktion

Dann gilt für jede natürliche Zahl

wobei die Möbiusfunktion auf mit Werten in bezeichnet.

Diese Form liefert mit für das Kreisteilungspolynom eine explizite Definition, allerdings im (gebrochen-)rationalen Funktionenkörper , also im Quotientenkörper der Polynomalgebra . Dass und sogar , erfordert weitere, gleichwohl einfache Argumente.[2]

Literatur

  • Helmut Hasse: Zahlentheorie, 2. erweiterte Auflage, Akademie-Verlag, Berlin, 1963, mit 49 Abbildungen.

Einzelnachweise

  1. Helmut Hasse, I. § 2 (Teilbarkeit), Seite 21 unten.
  2. Helmut Hasse, III. § 27 (Einheitswurzelkörper), Seite 501.

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