Liste der römischen Statthalter in Judäa

Die Liste der Statthalter von Judäa enthält die bekannten Statthalter der römischen Provinz Judäa (bzw. ab 135 der Provinz Syria Palaestina). Die Liste ist nicht vollständig.

Judäa

Die Liste der Präfekten bzw. Prokuratoren von Judäa erfasst den Zeitraum von der Absetzung des Herodes Archelaos 6 n. Chr. bis zum Ende des Bar-Kochba-Aufstands 136 n. Chr. In dieser Zeit wurden Teile Palästinas (und insbesondere Judäas) von Rom direkt verwaltet, ausgenommen die kurze Phase des Königtums Agrippas I.

Unklar ist, ab wann Judäa eine eigene Provinz unter einem eigenen Statthalter wurde, spätestens ist damit jedoch im Jüdischen Krieg (66–70 n. Chr.) zu rechnen. Bis dahin war in jedem Fall der Einfluss des Statthalters der Provinz Syria auf die lokalen Autoritäten erheblich und die römischen Präfekten von Judäa waren dem syrischen Statthalter direkt unterstellt. Insbesondere war der Legat von Syrien nächste Instanz bei Beschwerden gegen den Statthalter von Judäa, wie ersichtlich ist aus der 36 n. Chr. bei Lucius Vitellius angestrengten Klage der Juden gegen Pontius Pilatus und der Klage der Samaritaner 51 n. Chr. vor dem Legaten Gaius Ummidius Durmius Quadratus gegen den Prokurator Ventidius Cumanus. Nach dem Ende des Jüdischen Krieges wurde Judäa dann zu einer eigenständigen Provinz unter der Verwaltung eines Legatus Augusti pro praetore.

Präfekten:

Klientelkönigtum

Prokuratoren oder Präfekten (die genaue Amtsbezeichnung in dieser Periode ist nicht sicher):

Legati Augusti pro praetore

Syria Palaestina

Die Provinz Syria Palaestina wurde nach der Niederschlagung des Bar-Kochba-Aufstandes im Jahr 135 anstelle der Provinz Judaea geschaffen.

Datierung Name Konsul Anmerkung
135/136 Cn. Minicius Faustinus Sextus Iulius Severus 127
139 P. Calpurnius Atilianus 135
142 Domitius Seneca[1]
150 D. Velius Fidus 144
157/158 D. Seius Seneca 151/152
158 C. Iulius Severus 155
160 Maximus Lucilianus 156/158
um 164/167 C. Iulius Commodus Orfitianus 157
um 171/174 C. Erucius Clarus 170
zwischen 197 und 209 Attidius Praetextatus[2] (JRA-2019-214,1)
um 218/222 C. Iulius Tarius Titianus

Literatur

  • Werner Eck: Rom und Judaea. Fünf Vorträge zur römischen Herrschaft in Palästina. Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen 2007, ISBN 978-3-16-149460-4, S. 24–51 (zur Stellung Judäas und seines Präfekten/Prokurators in der Zeit von 6–66 n. Chr.).

Anmerkungen

  1. Werner Eck, Andreas Pangerl: Eine Konstitution für die Truppen von Syria Palaestina aus dem Jahr 158. In: Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik. Band 157 (2006), S. 185–191, hier S. 189–190 und S. 286 (online).
  2. Benjamin Arubas, Michael Heinzelmann, David Mevorah und Andrew Overman: Capricorno Alae VII Phrygum, Journal of Roman Archaeology, Band 32 (2019), S. 201–222, hier S. 211, 217, 222 (PDF).

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