Gödel-Universum

Das Gödel-Universum oder R-Universum bezeichnet eine von dem österreichischen Mathematiker Kurt Gödel 1949 entdeckte kosmologische Lösung der Gleichungen der Allgemeinen Relativitätstheorie (ART). Es beschreibt ein rotierendes, geschlossenes, stationäres, homogenes Universum mit negativer kosmologischer Konstante und zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass in ihm Zeitreisen möglich sind. Genauer existieren im Gödel-Universum geschlossene zeitartige Kurven durch jeden Ereignispunkt. Diese sind allerdings keine Geodäten, sodass Zeitreisen nur mit sehr hohen Beschleunigungen möglich wären.

Das Gödel-Universum ist kein realistisches Modell unseres Universums. Allerdings argumentierte Gödel, dass bereits die theoretische Möglichkeit von Zeitreisen in der ART gegen die Existenz eines objektiven Zeitflusses spricht.^[1]^[2]

Das Gödel-Universum verletzt auch das Machsche Prinzip in der ursprünglich von Einstein für die ART avisierten Form. Durch Betrachtung eines endlichen statt unendlichen Universums konstruierten Ozsvath und Engelbert Schücking 1962 eine Variante ohne Zeitreisen in die Vergangenheit, die aber immer noch das Machsche Prinzip verletzt.^[3]

Literatur

Kurt Gödel: An Example of a New Type of Cosmological Solutions of Einstein's Field Equations of Gravitation, Rev. Mod. Phys., Band 21, 1949, S. 447–450, doi:10.1023/A:1001959224682.
Kurt Gödel: Rotating universes in general relativity theory, in: Proc. Int. Congress of Mathematicians, Cambridge 1950, Band 1, S. 175–181, doi:10.1023/A:1001911308752.
Kurt Gödel: A remark about the relation between relativity theory and idealistic philosophy, in Arthur Paul Schilpp: Albert Einstein - Philosopher, Scientist, Library of Living Philosophers 1949
Hawking, Ellis: The large scale structure of space-time, Cambridge UP 1973
Rüdiger Vaas: Tunnel durch Raum und Zeit. Kosmos, Stuttgart 2005, 6. aktualisierte Aufl. 2013, ISBN 3-440-09360-3.
Palle Yourgrau: Gödel, Einstein und die Folgen: Vermächtnis einer ungewöhnlichen Freundschaft, C.H.Beck, 2005, ISBN 3-406-52914-3.

Einzelnachweise

↑ Kurt Gödel: A remark about the relation between relativity theory and idealistic philosophy. In: Paul Arthur Schilpp (Hrsg.): Albert Einstein: Philosopher-Scientist. Open Court, La Salle, IL 1949, S. 555–562.
↑ Palle Yourgrau: Gödel, Einstein und die Folgen: Vermächtnis einer ungewöhnlichen Freundschaft. 2. Auflage. Beck, München 2005, ISBN 978-3-406-52914-6.
↑ Nahin, Time Machines, Springer 1999, S. 84

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