Congrégation de Solesmes

Abtei Saint-Pierre de Solesmes – namengebendes Stammkloster der Französischen Kongregation

Die Kongregation von Solesmes oder Französische Benediktinerkongregation (lat. Congregatio Solesmensis Ordinis Sancti Benedicti) ist eine der zwanzig selbständigen Kongregationen in der Benediktinischen Konföderation.

Gleichzeitig mit der Erhebung des Priorats Saint-Pierre de Solesmes zur Abtei wurde 1837 von Papst Gregor XVI. die „Französische Benediktinerkongregation“ gegründet, die die vormaligen Kongregationen von Cluny, von Saint-Vanne-et-Hydulphe und von Saint-Maur vereinigen sollte.

Entwicklung

Abt Prosper Guéranger, Initiator der Kongregation

Die neue Kongregation wuchs schnell und konnte von Solesmes aus auch diverse andere Klöster wieder aufkaufen und neu eröffnen, die der Reformation oder der Französischen Revolution zum Opfer gefallen und säkularisiert worden waren: Das Kloster in Ligugé 1853, Marseille 1865, Silos 1880, Wisques 1889, Clervaux 1890, Sainte-Marie (in Paris) 1893, Saint-Wandrille 1894 und Kergonan 1897.

Nachdem der Weiterbestand der Klöster 1901 infolge der französischen Kirchengesetze und der Weigerung der Benediktiner, sich einem französischen Bischof zu unterstellen, unmöglich wurde, mussten die Mönche ins Exil ziehen. Daher gab es verschiedene Klostergründungen der Kongregation außerhalb Frankreichs, etwa Saint-Benoît-du-Lac in Quebec oder Quarr in England.

Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg konnten die zurückgekehrten Mönche wieder neue Klöster gründen, darunter die Abtei Fontgombault, von der Tochtergründungen in Afrika und Amerika ausgingen.

Organisation

Im Jahr 2009 bestand die Kongregation aus insgesamt 31 Häusern: 14 in Frankreich, 4 in Spanien, 1 in Luxemburg, 2 in Großbritannien, 2 in Kanada, 1 in den Niederlanden, 2 in Senegal, 1 in Litauen, 2 in den USA und 2 Priorate in Martinique. Namengebendes Hauptkloster der Kongregation ist die Abtei St. Peter in Solesmes, deren jeweiliger Abt der geborene Präses der Kongregation ist: Seit 2022 Dom Geoffroy Kemlin.

Liste der Häuser

Abbaye de Randol
Abtei Keur Moussa im Senegal

(Zahlen von Mai 2009)

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