Chromosom 12 (Mensch)

Idiogramm des menschlichen Chromosoms 12

Chromosom 12 ist eines von 23 Chromosomen-Paaren des Menschen. Ein normaler Mensch hat in den meisten seiner Zellen zwei weitgehend identische Kopien dieses Chromosoms.

Entschlüsselung des Chromosoms 12

Das Chromosom 12 besteht aus 132 Millionen Basenpaaren. Ein Basenpaar ist die kleinste Informationseinheit der DNA. Das Chromosom 12 enthält etwa 4 bis 4,5 % der gesamten DNA einer menschlichen Zelle. Die Identifizierung der Gene auf diesem Chromosom ist der Teil eines laufenden Prozesses zur Entschlüsselung des menschlichen Erbgutes. Auf dem Chromosom 12 befinden sich zwischen 1000 und 1400 Gene.[1] Bisher sind 1069 davon bekannt.[2]

Bekannte Gene auf dem Chromosom 12

Das Chromosom 12 enthält unter anderem folgende Gene:

Medizinische Bedeutung

Die 46 Chromosomen des Menschen

Mit den auf dem Chromosom 12 befindlichen Genen werden folgende genetisch bedingte Krankheiten oder Symptome in Verbindung gebracht. Dies sind unter anderem:[4]

Literatur

  • S. E. Scherer u. a.: The finished DNA sequence of human chromosome 12. In: Nature 440/2006, S. 346–51. PMID 16541075
  • F. Gilbert, N. Knauff: Disease genes and chromosomes: disease maps of the human genome. Chromosome 12. In: Genet Test, 4/2000, S. 319–33. PMID 11142767
  • K. T. Montgomery u. a.: A high-resolution map of human chromosome 12. In: Nature, 409/2001, S. 945–6. PMID 11237017

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ Genetics Home Reference, Chromosome 12 (Memento vom 12. Juni 2007 im Internet Archive), Stand vom 29. Februar 2008
  2. ↑ ensembl.org, Chromosome 12, abgerufen am 16. März 2008
  3. ↑ Jane E. Brissenden, Axel Ullrich† & Uta Francke, Human chromosomal mapping of genes for insulin-like growth factors I and II and epidermal growth factor, Nature 310, 781 – 784 (30. August 1984)
  4. ↑ Genetics Home Reference, Conditions related to genes on chromosome 12., Stand: 29. Februar 2008
  5. ↑ Nguyen NQ: Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Dermatol Online J. 2005 Dec 30;11(4):19. PMID 16403391

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