Belgischer Dioxin-Skandal

Als Belgischer Dioxin-Skandal oder Chicken-Gate wird der 1999 aufgedeckte Skandal um Dioxin- und PCB-belastetes Futterfett aus Belgien bezeichnet, der durch Geflügelerkrankungen in Mastbetrieben auffiel.

Historie

Vorgeschichte

Bereits aus den als Chick Edema Desease bekannten Vorfällen mit kontaminierten Futtermitteln, die 1957 und 1960 in den USA zum Keulen hunderttausender Nutztiere wie Hühnern und Rindern führte, war bekannt, dass durch Beimengung von PCP- und PCB-verunreinigten Fetten und Ölen in Futterfette Dioxine und Furane entstehen, die zu schweren Krankheiten und Missbildungen der gefütterten Nutztiere führen und in die menschliche Nahrungskette eingetragen werden.

Vorfall in Belgien

Die belgische Fettrecyclingfirma Verkest lieferte in der ersten Jahreshälfte 1999 Dioxin- und PCB-verseuchte Fettsäuren an Futtermittelhersteller in mehreren europäischen Ländern. Das Dioxin entstand unter anderem beim Erhitzen verunreinigter Vormaterialien: Neben Abfällen aus kommunaler Entsorgung wurde auch PCB-haltiges Altöl redestilliert. Auffällig wurde die Dioxin-Kontamination wie bei den Vorfällen in den USA durch die Ausbildung von Geflügelerkrankungen und -missbildungen in belgischen Mastbetrieben – eine lückenlose Schadstoffüberwachung der Futtermittel fand bis dahin nicht statt. Als Reaktion auf die Dioxinbelastung verhängten mehrere Länder Importstopps auf belgische Fleisch- und teilweise auch Milchprodukte.

Um solche Ereignisse in Zukunft zu verhindern, wurde in Belgien im Jahr 2000 die Federal Agency for the Safety of the Food Chain (FASFC) und auf europäischer Ebene 2002 die Europäische Behörde für Lebensmittelsicherheit (EFSA) gegründet.

Siehe auch

  • Einen Nachfolger fand der belgische Dioxin-Skandal 2010 im deutschen Futtermittelskandal um die Firma Harles und Jentzsch.

Quellen

  • Volker Mrasek, Hendrik Munsberg, Sylvia Schreiber, Andrea Stuppe, Hans-Jörg Vehlewald: Zugabe aus Sondermüll, in „Der Spiegel“ 23/1999 vom 7. September 1999 (online, abgerufen am 8. September 2015).
  • David Firestone: Etiology of chick edema disease. In: Environmental health perspectives. Band 5, September 1973, S. 59–66, PMID 4201768, PMC 1474955 (freier Volltext).
  • Jean Francois Focant et al.: Dioxins in our food: Where are we 14 years after the Belgian chicken-gate?, Universität Liege, Oktober 2013, (PDF, abgerufen am 8. September 2015).
  • Lebensmittel-Konfusion in Belgien in: DER STANDARD, Wien, 7. Juni 1999, S. 18 (online, abgerufen am 8. September 2015).

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