Azatiwada

Azatiwada sitzend beim Festmahl (oben 2. v. r.) Relief vom Karatepe

Azatiwada, auch Azatiwata, war ein spätluwischer Herrscher des 8. Jahrhunderts v. Chr.

Name

König Azatiwada wird in der Bilingue von Karatepe genannt. In der luwischen Hieroglyphenschrift wird der Name als á-za-ti-i-wa-tà-s und in der phönizischen Schrift mit ʾztwd geschrieben. Der luwische Name lautete mit Rhotazismus auch Azatiwara und bedeutet »Geliebt vom Sonnengott Tiwad«[1]. Dieser Name ist noch erhalten im antiken Namen der pamphylischen Stadt Aspendos (heute: Belkıs), dessen einheimischer Name als ΕΣΤFΕΔΙΙΥΣ (Estwediiys) überliefert ist[2].

Überlieferung

Azatiwada wurde von Awariku (phön. ʾwrk), dem König von Adana als Unterkönig eingesetzt. Dieser führte seine Abstammung auf Mukasa (luw. mu-ka-sa; phön. mpš) zurück, der von der Forschung wegen der phönizischen Schreibung häufig mit dem Mopsos der griechischen Sage verbunden wird. Azatiwada gründete die Festung Azatiwataya, das heutige Karatepe-Arslantaş am Ceyhan im Süden des Taurusgebirges in der Türkei. Er gilt als Urheber der als Bilingue von Karatepe bekannten Inschrift, die maßgeblich zur Entzifferung der luwischen Hieroglyphen beitrug.

Literatur

  • John David Hawkins, Anna Morpurgo Davies: On the problems of Karatepe, the hieroglyphic text. In Anatolian Studies. Band 28, 1978, S. 114–118.
  • Hans-Peter Müller: Phönizische historische Inschriften. In: Otto Kaiser (Hrsg.): Texte aus der Umwelt des Alten Testaments: Rechts- und Wirtschaftsurkunden. Historisch-chronologische Texte. Band 1. Gütersloher Verlagshaus, Gütersloh 1985, ISBN 978-3-641-21763-1, Die Inschrift des Azitawadda, Königs der Danunäer, S. 640–645 (online).
  • Waltraud Sperlich: Die Hethiter – das vergessene Volk. Thorbecke, Ostfildern 2003, ISBN 3-7995-7982-6.
  • Mirko Novák, Andreas Fuchs: Azatiwada, Awariku from the House of Mopsos, and Assyria. On the Dating of Karatepe in Cilicia. In: A. Payne, Š. Velharticka, J. Wintjes (Hrsg.): Beyond all Boundaries. Anatolia in the 1st Millennium B.C. OBO 295. Leuven 2021, S. 397–466 (online).

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ John David Hawkins: Corpus of the Hieroglyphic Luwian Inscriptions. de Gruyter, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-11-010864-X.
  2. ↑ Henri Grégoire: Le nom d'Azitawadda, fondateur d'Azitawaddī et la ville pamphylienne d'Aspendos. In: Bulletin de la classe des lettres et des sciences morales et politiques. Académie royale de Belgique. (BARB Lett), OCLC 716719804, Nr. 48-5.
VorgängerAmtNachfolger
AwarikuRegent von Qu'e
ca. 705 v. Chr.		Sohn von Awariku
Personendaten
NAME Azatiwada
ALTERNATIVNAMEN Azatiwataš; Azati-wataš; Azatiwadda; Azatiwata
KURZBESCHREIBUNG hethitischer Herrscher
GEBURTSDATUM 8. Jahrhundert v. Chr.
STERBEDATUM 8. Jahrhundert v. Chr.

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