År

Et år er den tid, det tager Jorden at foretage en omkredsning af Solen. Et tropisk middelsolår er 365,24219878 døgn målt mellem to på hinanden følgende forårsjævndøgn.[1] I Danmark anvendes den gregorianske kalender til at tælle dagene i et år og til at angive årstal. Man anvender skudår for at tilpasse kalenderår til middelsolår.

Det meteorologiske år regnes fra 1. december.[2] I norrøn tid ønskede man hinanden "ár og friďr" – rigdom og fred. Året var løseligt inddelt i sommer- og vinterhalvår. Sommeren var den produktive tid (såtid, fåremåned og hømåned), vinteren var hvile- og forbrugstid, hvor ritualerne overtog, især i forbindelse med julefejringen.[3]

Etymologi

Ordet "år" har samme rod som engelsk year og tysk Jahr (plattysk Johr); beslægtet med græsk hôros, tid, og latinsk hōra, time.[4]

På norrønt betegnede ordet "år" ikke kun solåret, men havde også betydningen "frugtbarhed", hvoraf modsætningen uår, der betyder et år med sult og nød grundet misvækst og svigtende avlinger.[5]

Se også

Kilder

  1. ^ Tycho Brahe Planetarium – Astronomi & rumfart Arkiveret version fra okt. 2007.
  2. ^ "År". Arkiveret fra originalen 19. februar 2015. Hentet 19. februar 2015.
  3. ^ Den nordiske verden 1 (s. 27-8), Gyldendal 1992, ISBN 87-01-79030-7
  4. ^ år — ODS
  5. ^ uår — ODS
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