Sveriges økonomi

Stockholm er Sverige økonomiske centrum.

Sveriges økonomi er en højudviklet handelsorienteret økonomi, der bliver støttet af tømmer, vandkraft og jernmalm. Dette er grundlaget for en økonomi orienteret mod udæandshandel. De primære industrier i landet er biler, telekommunikation, lægemidler, industrielle maskiner, præcisionsmaksiner, præcisionsudstyr, kemikalier, boligudstyr og maskiner, skovbrug, jern og stål. Traditionelt har Sverige baseret sig på moderne landbrugsøkonomi, hvor halvdelen af arbejdsstyrken var engageret. I dag udvikler Sverige ingeniørarbejde, minedrift, stål og papirindustri, der konkurrerer international, dette inkluderer virksomheder som Ericsson, ASEA/ABB, SKF, Alfa Laval, AGA og Dyno Nobel.[1]

Sverige er en åben blandingsøkonomi. Langt størstedelen af selskaberne i sverige er privatejede og markedsorienterede. Der er også en stærk velfærdsstat med en offentlig sektor, der bruger op til tre femtedele af GNP.[2][3] I 2014 var 24% af den nationale formue i statseje.[4]

Da Sverige var en af de neutrale stater under anden verdenskrig skulle landet ikke genopbygge sin økonomi, banksystemet og hele landet, som mange andre europæiske landet skulle. Sverige har opnået en høj levestandard i et blandet system af high-tech kapitalismeog omfattende velfærd. Sverige har den næsthøjeste totale skatteandel efter Danmark af landets indkomst. I 2021 var den totale skatteindtægt 44,2% af BNP, hvilket var gået ned fra 48,3% i 2006.[5]

I 2014 forudså National Institute of Economic at BNP ville vokse 1,8%, 3,1% og 3,4% i hhv. 2014, 2015 og 2016.[6][skal opdateres] En sammenligning med økonomisk udvikling i EU afslørede at kun Baltikum, Polen og Slovakiet var forventet at kunne præstere lignende vækst.[7]

Referencer

  1. ^ Agricultural toward Industrial|Swedish economic history Arkiveret 9. august 2012 hos Wayback Machine. Ekonomifakta.se (28 September 2012). Retrieved on 29 January 2013.
  2. ^ "How Sweden Created a Model Economy". Sweden.se. 2. november 2018. Arkiveret fra originalen 3. september 2019. Hentet 3. oktober 2019. Today, Sweden has a diverse and highly competitive and successful economy. The World Economic Forum ranks Sweden among the top ten most competitive countries in the world. Sweden is also one of the easiest countries in the world to do business with, according to the World Bank. A key feature of the Swedish economy is its openness and liberal approach to trade and doing business.
  3. ^ "Sweden - Economy". Encyclopedia Britannica. Hentet 3. oktober 2019. Most enterprises are privately owned and market-oriented, but when transfer payments—such as pensions, sick pay, and child allowances—are included, roughly three-fifths of gross domestic product (GDP) passes through the public sector. Education, health care, and child care costs are primarily met by taxation. Government involvement in the distribution of national income, however, diminished over the last two decades of the 20th century.
  4. ^ Public Wealth in the US and Nordic Countries
  5. ^ Skattetrycket | Skattetryck | Skatter | Fakta och statistik Arkiveret 23. september 2015 hos Wayback Machine. Ekonomifakta.se. Retrieved on 29 January 2013.
  6. ^ "Swedish economy marking time". NIER. Arkiveret fra originalen 19. oktober 2014. Hentet 19. oktober 2014.
  7. ^ "Taking Europe's Pulse". The Economist. Hentet 5. maj 2014.


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