Hades (isfyd)

Hades
Hades a Serberws - o Meyers Konversationslexikon - 1888

Hades (hefyd a elwir yn Annwn yn y Gymraeg) oedd trigfan y meirwon yn yr isfyd ym mytholeg Roeg. Roedd nifer o rannau o Hades, yn cynnwys Elysium a Tartarus.

Byddai'r meirwon yn cyrraedd Hades trwy gael eu cludo ar draws afon Styx a/neu afon Acheron gan y cychwr Charon. Arferid gosod darn arian obolus dan dafod y marw i dalu i Charon am ei gario; byddai'n rhaid i'r meirwon oedd heb arian aros am ganrifoedd ar y lan. Roedd y ci Serberws, oedd a thri phen, yn gwarchod yr ochr arall i'r afon.

Afonydd Hades oedd afon Acheron, afon Styx, afon Cocytus, afon Plegethon ac afon Lethe. Roedd y Styx yn ffurfio'r ffin rhwng y byd a'r isfyd. Y rhan gyntaf o Hades, yn ôl yr Odysseia, oedd y Meysydd Asffodel, Tu hwnt i'r rhain roedd Erebus, lle'r oedd dau bwll, Lethe, lle'r oedd eneidiau cyffredin yn yfed i ddileu pob côf, a Mnemosyne, lle'r oedd y rhai oedd yn gwybod y dirgelion yn yfed. O flaen palas Hades a Persephone, eisteddai tri barnwr yr isfyd: Minos, Rhadamanthus ac Aeacus. Wedi barnu'r eneidiau, gyrrid y rhai nad oedd na da na drwg yn ôl i Feysydd Asffodel i grwydro; os oeddynt yn ddrwg, gyrrid hwy i Tartarus i'w cosbi; os yn dda, i Elysium.

Gweler hefyd

Yama (Mytholeg Fwdhaeth a Thsieineaidd)

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