Pěnitá buňka

Aterosklerotický plát, histologický řez s patrnými pěnitými buňkami
Řez žaludečním xanthomem, patrné jsou pěnité buňky – kulovité makrofágy

Pěnitá buňka[1] (z angl. foam cell, foam buňka) je makrofág vyskytující se v aterosklerotických plátech ve stěnách artérií[2] či v některých typech vředů – xanthomech.[3] Vznikají z normálních makrofágů, jež infiltrovaly vznikající aterosklerotický plát a akumulovaly v sobě velké množství poškozených a agregovaných lipoproteinů. Tím, jak nové a nové makrofágy migrují do zasažené stěny cévy, aterosklerotický plát roste a ucpává průchod krve.[2]

Mechanismus vzniku

Makrofágy pohlcují poškozené a akumulované lipoproteiny pomocí svých scavenger receptorů na povrchu, ale zřejmě i zcela nezávisle na nich (pomocí endocytózy tekuté fáze). Uvnitř makrofágů se váčky s lipoproteiny dostávají do lysozomů a jsou částečně odbourávány, částečně zůstávají chemicky nezměněny.[2]

Reference

  1. ↑ Pěnité buňky [online]. Velký lékařský slovník [cit. 2014-10-27]. Dostupné online. 
  2. ↑ a b c BOBRYSHEV, Y. V. Monocyte recruitment and foam cell formation in atherosclerosis. Micron.. 2006, roč. 37, čís. 3, s. 208–22. Dostupné online. ISSN 0968-4328. 
  3. ↑ IDE, F.; OBARA, K.; YAMADA, H., et al. Cellular basis of verruciform xanthoma: immunohistochemical and ultrastructural characterization. Oral Dis.. 2008, roč. 14, čís. 2, s. 150–7. Dostupné online. ISSN 1354-523X. 

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