Opus (kompresní formát)

Opus
Logo
Přípona souboru.opus
Typ internetového médiaaudio/ogg
TvůrceIETF
První verze11. září 2012
Obsažen uvnitřOgg, Matroska, WebM
Rozšiřuje formátSILK, CELT
Standard(y)RFC 6716
Otevřený formátano
Webopus-codec.org
libopus
VývojářXiph.Org Foundation
První vydání11. září 2012
Operační systémmultiplatformní
Typ softwaruAudio kodek, Referenční implementace
Licencenová BSD licence
Webopus-codec.org/downloads/
Některá data mohou pocházet z datové položky.

Opus je otevřený, licenčními poplatky nezatížený, univerzální ztrátový formát komprese zvuku, navrhovaný s ohledem na internetové využití jako je přenos digitalizovaného hlasu, videokonference, streamování hudby. Je standardizován jako mezinárodní otevřený standard Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) jako RFC 6716.

Opus spojuje technologie dvou dalších zvukových formátů SILK (vyvinutý pro Skype) a CELT (součást rodiny kodeků Ogg) pro dosažení dobré komprese jak mluveného projevu, tak hudebního záznamu. Detekuje typ zvuku a míchá principy lineární predikce (nízký bitrate, SILK režim), modifikované diskrétní kosinové transformace (vysoký bitrate, CELT režim) a „hybridní režim“, kdy řeč do frekvence 8 kHz je kódována LP, zatímco řeč nad 8 kHz je kódována pomocí MDCT.

Opus byl ve vývoji od počátku roku 2007. Programátoři spojení s Xiph.Org, Skype, Mozilla, Broadcom, Google, Octasic přispěli k jeho rozvoji a procesu standardizace v rámci pracovní skupiny IETF.

Referenční implementace, zvukový kodek s názvem opus-tools, je poskytována pod BSD licencí. Všechny známé softwarové patenty, které pokrývají Opus, jsou poskytnuty pod licencemi bez licenčních poplatků.[1]

Srovnání

Porovnání účinnosti kódování mezi Opus a dalšími oblíbenými zvukovými formáty
Možné kombinace bitrate a latence ve srovnání s jinými audio formáty

Opus se odlišuje od většiny formátů pro vysoce kvalitní audio (AAC, Vorbis, WMA, MP3) svou nízkou latencí a liší se od většiny formátů s nízkou lacencí (G.711, GSM, Speex) tím, že podporuje vysokou kvalitu zvuku. Navíc je dostupný pod liberální licencí.

Podpora

Podpora dekódování je zahrnuta v aplikacích Firefox, Chromium, Google Chrome, Opera, VLC, SMPlayer, foobar2000, Winamp, Amarok, Audacious, AIMP, MusicBee, Xmplay a jiných. Stejně jako v multimediálních frameworcích jako je GStreamer, FFmpeg, Libav a jiné. Pro framework Microsoft Windows DirectShow existuje DirectShow filtr třetích stran, s tímto může být podporován všemi DirectShow přehrávači.

Vzhledem ke svým schopnostem je formát Opus podporovaný i množstvím VoIP softwaru.

Formát Opus je také již součástí nového standardu pro komunikaci v reálném čase pomocí webového prohlížeče WebRTC.[2]

Reference

  1. Opus licensing
  2. WebRTC General Overview. www.webrtc.org [online]. [cit. 2014-07-27]. Dostupné v archivu pořízeném dne 2014-08-04. 

Související články

  • WebM – kontejnerový formát používaný s HTML5 videem, může obsahovat Opus audio
  • Vorbis – kompresní formát audia vyvinutý Xiph.Org nadací
  • CELT – kompresní formát audia vyvinutý Xiph.Org nadací
  • SILK – kompresní formát audia vyvinutý Skype Limited
  • Streaming – technologie přenosu dat

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