Ernest McCulloch

Ernest A. McCulloch
Narození27. dubna 1926
Toronto
Úmrtí20. ledna 2011 (ve věku 84 let)
Washington, D.C.
Alma materTorontská univerzita
Hornokanadská kolej
Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto
PracovištěTorontská univerzita
Oborbuněčná biologie
OceněníMezinárodní cena Gairdnerovy nadace (1969)
Canadian Medical Hall of Fame (2004)
Cena Alberta Laskera za základní lékařský výzkum (2005)
Clarivate Citation Laureates (2010)
Order of Ontario
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Ernest Armstrong McCulloch (27. dubna 1926 Toronto – 20. ledna 2011 tamtéž) byl kanadský lékař a biolog, průkopník výzkumu kmenových buněk.

Pocházel ze zámožné rodiny s lékařskou tradicí.[1] Studoval na Upper Canada College a pak na Torontské univerzitě, kde získal v roce 1948 doktorát. Zaměřil se na hematologii a rok pobýval na Lister Institute v Londýně. Pracoval v Torontské všeobecné nemocnici a od roku 1954 byl pedagogem Torontské univerzity. V roce 1957 nastoupil do Ontario Cancer Institute, kde se zabýval léčbou leukemie. Spolu s biofyzikem Jamesem Tillem začali experimentovat s radioterapií. Zjistili, že kostní dřeň pokusných myší obsahuje buňky schopné proliferace a jejich transplantací je možno vyléčit poruchu krvetvorby způsobenou ozářením.[2] V roce 1963 publikovali Till a McCulloch výsledky svého výzkumu v časopise Nature. Společně s Louisem Siminovitchem dokázali, že kmenové buňky jsou schopny sebeobnovy a diferenciace.[3] V roce 1971 McCulloch založil kanadský program transplantace kostní dřeně.

V roce 1988 byl Ernest Armstrong McCulloch vyznamenán Řádem Kanady a v roce 1999 se stal členem Královské společnosti. Byl zvolen prezidentem kanadské Národní akademie věd. McCulloch a Till byli uvedeni do Síně slávy kanadského lékařství, získali Cenu Gairdnerovy nadace i Cenu Alberta Laskera a kanadská pošta vydala známku s jejich podobiznami.[4] Od roku 2005 se uděluje na jejich počest Till and McCulloch Award za úspěchy ve výzkumu kmenových buněk.

Reference

  1. ↑ Ernest McCulloch [online]. The Canadian Encyclopedia [cit. 2024-08-31]. Dostupné online. 
  2. ↑ Perspectives on the Properties of Stem Cells [online]. Embryo Project Encyclopedia [cit. 2024-08-31]. Dostupné online. 
  3. ↑ Ernest Armstrong McCulloch. 21 April 1926—20 January 2011 [online]. The Royal Society Publishing [cit. 2024-08-31]. Dostupné online. 
  4. ↑ Dr. James Till and Dr. Ernest McCulloch - Stem Cells [online]. Postage Stamp Guide [cit. 2024-08-31]. Dostupné online. 

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