ADP-ribosylační faktor

Struktura ARF1
Lokalizace ARF v makrofágové buňce, v tomto případě především na Golgiho aparátu

ADP-ribosylační faktory (ARF) jsou malé GTPázy účastnící se vezikulárního transportu, regulace cytoskeletu a sekrece proteinů, ale i přenosu signálů. Jméno pochází z dob, kdy byly ARF proteiny poprvé popsány – stimulovaly totiž ADP ribosylaci G proteinu Gαs vyvolanou cholera toxinem.[1][2] Řadí se do Ras superrodiny proteinů.[2]

Stavba

ARF mají cca 20 kDa a stavbou se výrazně neodchylují od ostatních podobně velkých GTPáz, jako je Rho, Rab či Rac. Unikátní je snad jen N-terminální úsek, na jehož konci je myristylovaný glycin. Tato funkční skupina umožňuje asociaci ARF proteinů s membránou. K aktivaci dochází výměnou GDP za GTP navázaného na proteinu.[1]

Klasifikace

ARF proteiny savců se dělí do tří tříd:[1]

Reference

  1. ↑ a b c PACHECO-RODRIGUEZ, Gustavo; MOSS, Joel; VAUGHAN, Martha. Encyclopedia of Biological Chemistry , Four-Volume Set, 1-4. Příprava vydání Lennarz,W.J., Lane, M.D.. [s.l.]: [s.n.] Kapitola ARF Family. 
  2. ↑ a b Oxford dictionary of biochemistry and molecular biology; revised edition. Příprava vydání R. Cammack et al. New York: Oxford university press, 2006. ISBN 0-19-852917-1. 

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