John Wilson (matemàtic)

Wilson va estudiar al Peterhouse College de la universitat de Cambridge on es va graduar amb les millors qualificacions en matemàtiques el 1761. Encara estudiant, va ser un dels més ardents defensors d'Edward Waring com a professor lucasià.^[1]

Va ser escollit fellow del Peterhouse el 1764.

Fins al 1766 va donar classes a Cambridge, guanyant-se una bona reputació, però a partir d'aquesta any va dedicar-se sobretot a la seva carrera com advocat al Middle Temple, arribant a ser-ne degà. També va exercir com a jutge i va ser nomenat cavaller. Tot i així, no devia deixar del tot la seva activitat científica, com ho demostra el fet que fos nomenat fellow de la Royal Society el 1782.^[2]

Obra

Wilson és recordat pel teorema de Wilson que diu que un nombre natural, $p$ , és primer, si i només si $1+(p-1)!$ és divisible per $p$ .^[3] El teorema, inicialment, va ser enunciat el 1770 per Waring; Wilson va demostrar que era condició suficient. La demostració completa que és condició necessària i suficient es deu a Lagrange el 1773.^[4]

Aquest teorema, que aparentment millorava el mètode del sedàs d'Eratòstenes per contrastar si un nombre és o no primer, es va demostrar impracticable, ja que l'expressió $(p-1)!$ es fa extremadament tediosa de calcular a mesura que $p$ es fa més gran.^[5]

Referències

↑ O'Connor & Robertson, MacTutor History of Mathematics.
↑ Broadbent, Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography.
↑ Clawson, pàgina 151.
↑ Rowland, pàgina 232.
↑ Clawson, pàgina 152.

Bibliografia

Clawson, Calvin C. Mathematical Mysteries: The Beauty and Magic of Numbers (en (anglès)). Springer, 1996. ISBN 978-0-306-45404-2.
Rowland, Tima «Proofs in Number Theory: History and Heresy» (en (anglès)). Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, Vol. 1, 2002, pàg. 230-235.

Enllaços externs

O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F. «John Wilson (matemàtic)» (en anglès). MacTutor History of Mathematics archive. School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland. (anglès)
Broadbent, T.A.A. «Wilson, John». Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography, 2008. [Consulta: 25 maig 2015].

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