Fasciola hepatica

Infotaula d'ésser viuFasciola hepatica Modifica el valor a Wikidata

Fasciola hepatica - cuc adult Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Enregistrament

Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Dades
Malaltiafasciolosi Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Taxonomia
SuperregneHolozoa
RegneAnimalia
FílumPlatyhelminthes
ClasseTrematoda
SubclasseDigenea
OrdrePlagiorchiida
FamíliaFasciolidae
GènereFasciola
EspècieFasciola hepatica Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Linnaeus, 1758
Distribució
lang= Modifica el valor a Wikidata

Fasciola hepatica és una espècie de platihelmint trematode de la subclasse dels digenis,[1] caracteritzat per la seva forma lanceolada, amb dues ventoses, una bucal i una altra ventral, i un cicle biològic amb dos hostes, un mol·lusc gastròpode i un mamífer. És paràsit dels canals biliars i la vesícula biliar d'herbívors i omnívors, inclòs l'home; és l'agent causal d'una de les parasitosi més difoses del bestiar, la fasciolosi, que és considerada com una de les malalties parasitàries més importants del món dels remugants domèstics.[2]

La presentació d'aquesta malaltia varia notablement segons les regions geogràfiques, depenent de factors com el desenvolupament agrícola, manques nutricionals, micro i macroclima, volum i altura de les pastures, estat del sistema immunitari i nutritiu de l'hoste definitiu i intermediari, nombre d'ous i larves infestants en l'ambient, etc.

Cicle biològic

Cicle vital de Fasciola hepatica

1.- Els ous abandonen l'hoste definitiu amb les excrements. 2.- Dels ous es desclouen larves ciliades miracidis. 3.- Les larves miracidi penetren en l'hoste intermediari, un caragol d'aigua dolça. 4.- A l'interior del caragol, les larves miracidi es transformen en esporocist s (4a) que es desenvolupen en rèdies (4b) i aquestes en cercàries (4c). 5.- Les cercàries abandonen el caragol i, després d'un període de vida lliure a l'aigua s'enquisten sobre plantes aquàtiques, transformant-se en metacercàries. 6.- Les metacercàries són ingerides pel bestiar o pels humà s, els hostes definitius, i es desenquisten al duodè (7). 8 .- Del duodè passen als conductes biliars, on originen els adults que produiran ous que abandonaran l'hoste i tancaran el cicle.

Referències

  1. ↑ «WoRMS - World Register of Marine Species - Fasciola hepatica Linnaeus, 1758». [Consulta: 22 gener 2021].
  2. ↑ Mas-Coma, S. «Història Natural dels Països Catalans, 8. Els trematodes.», 1991. [Consulta: 20 gener 2021].
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