Endolimfa

Infotaula anatomiaEndolimfa
Detalls
Llatíendolympha Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Identificadors
MeSHD004710 Modifica el valor a Wikidata
TAA15.3.03.061 Modifica el valor a Wikidata
FMAModifica el valor a Wikidata 61112 Modifica el valor a Wikidata : multiaxial – Modifica el valor a Wikidata jeràrquic
Recursos externs
Grayp.1051
EB Onlinescience/endolymph Modifica el valor a Wikidata
Esquema del laberint membranós, amb dos seccions: d'un conducte semicircular i de part de la còclea:
1: Perilimfa, 2: Endolimfa.
3: Conductes semicirculars: 4: Posterior, 5: Horitzontal, 6: Superior, 7: Ampul·la.
8: Vestíbul: 9: Òrgans amb otòlits, 10: Utricle, 11: Sàcul, 12: Màcules: de l'utricle i del sàcul, 13: Conducte endolimfàtic, 14: Finestra oval, 15: Finestra rodona, 16: Conducte perilimfàtic.
17: Còclea: 18: Rampa timpànica, 19: Rampa vestibular, 20: Conducte coclear, 21: Òrgan de Corti.
Altres: 22: Orella mitjana: 23: Estrep, 24: Caixa timpànica.

L'endolimfa és el líquid contingut en el laberint membranós de l'oïda interna. El catió principal de l'endolimfa és el potassi, amb els valors de concentració de sodi i potassi a l'endolimfa de 0,91 mM i 154 mM, respectivament.[1] També s'anomena fluid de Scarpa, per Antonio Scarpa.[2] L'elevat contingut de K requereix mecanismes actius de transport iònic per al seu manteniment.

La perilimfa i l'endolimfa tenen composicions iòniques úniques adequades a les seves funcions en la regulació dels impulsos electroquímics de les cèl·lules ciliades. El potencial elèctric de l'endolimfa és ~80-90 mV més positiu que la perilimfa a causa d'una concentració més alta de K en comparació amb Na.[3]

Està contingut en el laberint (orella interna). En el vestíbul es troba dins dels òrgans amb otòlits, en la còclea es troba en el conducte coclear.

Importància clínica

La interrupció de l'endolimfa a causa de moviments bruscos (com ara girar o conduir per cops en un cotxe) pot causar mareig.[4] Una condició en què el volum de l'endolimfa s'engrandeix molt s'anomena hidrops endolimfàtic i està relacionada amb la malaltia de Ménière.[5]

Referències

  1. ↑ «Observations on the electrochemistry of the cochlear endolymph of the rat: a quantitative study of its electrical potential and ionic composition as determined by means of flame spectrophotometry». Proceedings of the Royal Society B, vol. 171, 1023, 05-11-1968, pàg. 227–247. Bibcode: 1968RSPSB.171..227B. DOI: 10.1098/rspb.1968.0066. PMID: 4386844.
  2. ↑ synd/2926 a Who Named It
  3. ↑ «Ion transport in guinea pig cochlea. I. Potassium and sodium transport». Acta Otolaryngol, vol. 86, 1–2, 1978, pàg. 22–34. DOI: 10.3109/00016487809124717. PMID: 696294.
  4. ↑ What makes people dizzy when they spin?.
  5. ↑ Ménière's Disease Information Center - Cause of Ménière's Disease.

Vegeu també

Perilimfa

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