Distància genètica

La distància genètica és una mesura de divergència genètica entre espècies o entre poblacions dins d'una espècie.[1] Les poblacions amb molts gens similars presenten distàncies genètiques petites. Això indica que estan estretament emparentades i que tenen un avantpassat comú recent.

La distància genètica és útil per a reconstruir la història de les poblacions. Per exemple, les evidències de les distàncies genètiques suggereixen que la gent d'Àfrica i Euràsia van divergir fa uns 100.000 anys.[2] La distància genètica també s'utilitza per a entendre l'origen de la biodiversitat. Per exemple, les distàncies genètiques entre diferents races d'animals domèstics s'utilitza sovint per a determinar quines races s'haurien de protegir per tal de mantenir la diversitat genètica.[3]

Referències

  1. ↑ Nei, M.. Molecular Evolutionary Genetics. Nova York: Columbia University Press, 1987. 
  2. ↑ Nei, M. and A. K. Roychoudhury «Genic variation within and between the three major races of man, Caucasoids, Negroids, and Mongoloids». The American Journal of Human Genetics, 26, 1974, pàg. 421–443. PMC: 1762596. PMID: 4841634.
  3. ↑ Ruane, J. (1999). A critical review of the value of genetic distance studies in conservation of animal genetic resources. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 116(5), 317-323. Chicago.

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