Són peixos bentònics i d'aigües marines fredes o temperades que viuen fins als 1.280 m de fondà ria, llevat d'unes poques espècies que prefereixen aigües menys fondes i costaneres.[5][6]
↑ 8,08,1Gill, T. N., 1861. Notes on some genera of fishes of the western coast of North America. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. v. 13: 164-168.
↑Bloch, M. E. i Schneider, J. G., 1801. M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae iconibus cx illustratum. Post obitum auctoris opus inchoatum absolvit, correxit, interpolavit Jo. Gottlob Schneider, Saxo. Berolini. Sumtibus Auctoris Impressum et Bibliopolio Sanderiano Commissum. Systema Ichthyol. i-lx + 1-584.
↑Gilbert, C. H., 1890. A preliminary report on the fishes collected by the steamer Albatross on the Pacific coast of North America during the year 1889, with descriptions of twelve new genera and ninety-two new species. Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 13 (núm. 797): 49-126.
↑Jordan, D. S. & C. H. Gilbert, 1883. Synopsis of the fishes of North America. Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus. Núm. 16: i-liv + 1-1018.
↑ 13,013,1Gill T. N., 1861. On several new generic types of fishes contained in the museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. v. 13. 77-78.
↑Trewavas E., 1961. A new cichlid fish in the Limpopo basin. Ann. S. Afr. Mus. v. 46 (pt 5). 53-56.
↑Kanayama T., 1991. Taxonomy and phylogeny of the family Agonidae (Pisces: Scorpaeniformes). Mem. Fac. Fish. Hokkaido Univ. v. 38 (núms.1-2). 1-199.
↑ 16,016,1Gill T. N., 1861. Notes on some genera of fishes of the western coast of North America. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila. v. 13. 164-168.
↑Jordan D. S. & Hubbs C. L., 1925. Record of fishes obtained by David Starr Jordan in Japan, 1922. Mem. Carnegie Mus. v. 10 (núm. 2). 93-346.
↑Lockington W. N., 1880. Descriptions of new genera and species of fishes from the coast of California. Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 2 (núm. 97). 326-332.
↑Jordan D. S. & Starks E. C., 1895. The fishes of Puget Sound. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. (Ser. 2) v. 5. 785-855.
↑Scopoli J. A., 1777. Introductio ad historiam naturalem, sistens genera lapidum, plantarum et animalium hactenus detecta, caracteribus essentialibus donata, in tribus divisa, subinde ad leges naturae. Prague. Introd. Hist. Nat.. i-x + 1-506.
↑ 21,021,121,2Jordan D. S. & Evermann B. W., 1896. A check-list of the fishes and fish-like vertebrates of North and Middle America. Rep. U. S. Fish Comm. v. 21 (1895) Append. 5. 207-584.
↑Jordan, D. S. & E. C. Starks, 1904. A review of the Japanese fishes of the family of Agonidae. Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 27 (núm. 1365): 575-599.
↑Jordan, D. S., 1903. (Generic names of fishes.). Am. Nat. v. 37 (núm. 437, maig): 360.
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Andrià ixev, A.P., 1986. Agonidae. p. 1265-1268. A: P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen i E. Tortonese (eds.). Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. Vol. 3. UNESCO, ParÃs.
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Kanayama, T., 1991. Taxonomy and phylogeny of the family Agonidae (Pisces: Scorpaenifomes). Mem. Fac. Fish. Hokkaido Univ. (38)1-2: 1-199.
Lindberg, G.U., 1979. Agonidae. p. 605-606. A: J. C. Hureau i Th. Monod (eds.). Checklist of the fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean (CLOFNAM). UNESCO, ParÃs, Vol. 1.