Kristalni sistem

Kristalni sistem predstavlja kategoriju karakterisanu na osnovu vrste prostorne rešetke kristala. Jedinična ćelija ili elementarna ćelija kristala je najmanja jedinica kristala, koja sadrži najmanji broj strukturnih jedinica. Elementarna ćelija, pomaknuta u tri dimenzije u prostoru za udaljenost koja je jednaka dimenziji elementarne ćelije daje prostornu rešetku. Na osnovu 14 prostornih rešetki izvršena je podjela na 7 kristalnih sistema:

  • Kubični (jedinična ćelija je kocka)
  • Tetragonski (jedinična ćelija je kocka izdužena u jednom smjeru)
  • Rompski ili ortorompski (bridovi jedinične ćelije su međusobno okomiti, ali je njihova dužina u sva tri smjera različita)
  • Romboedarski ili trigonski (dužina bridova je jednaka, ali nisu međusobno okomiti)
  • Monoklinski (bridovi duž jedne osi nisu okomiti sa ravninom koju čine druge dvije osi)
  • Triklinski (ni jedna os nije okomita na bilo koju drugu os)
  • Heksagonski (strukturne jedinice su šesterouglovi)

Klasifikacija

Kristalni sistem Rešetke
triklinski Triklinski
monoklinski jednostavna centrirana
Monoklinski, jednostavna Monoklinski, centrirana
ortorompski jednostavna bazno-centrirana prostorno-centrirana plošno-centrirana
Ortorombski, jednostavna Ortorombski, bazno-centrirana Ortorombski, prostorno-centrirana Ortorombski, plošno-centrirana
tetragonski jednostavna prostorno-centrirana
Tetragonski, jednostavna Tetragonski, prostorno-centrirana
romboedarski
(trigonski)
romboedarski
heksagonski Heksagonski
kubični
(izometrični)
jednostavna prostorno-centrirana plošno-centrirana
Kubični, jednostavna Kubični,prostorno-centrirana Kubični, plošno-centrirana


Nedovršeni članak Kristalni sistem koji govori o hemiji treba dopuniti. Dopunite ga prema pravilima Wikipedije.

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