Copleyjeva medalja

Copleyjeva medalja
Copleyjeva medalja dodijeljena
Josephu Listeru 1902.
Dodjeljuje se zaIzvanredno istraživanje u bilo kojoj nauci
Sponzor(i)Kraljevsko društvo
Država Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo
Prvi put dodijeljena1731.
Najviše nagradaJohn Theophilus Desaguliers (3)
Službeni veb-sajtroyalsociety.org/grants-schemes-awards/awards/copley-medal/

Copleyjeva medalja naučna je nagrada za izuzetna dostignuća u bilo kojoj nauci te najstarija i najuglednija nagrada koju dodjeljuje Kraljevsko društvo iz Londona.

John Canton, Michael Faraday, Stephen Gray i John Frederick William Herschel dobili su je dvaput, a John Theophilus Desaguliers triput.

Medalja je danas od pozlaćenog srebra, a uz nju se dobija i novčana nagrada u iznosu 25.000 funti.[1] Jedina žena koja ju je dosad dobila bila je Dorothy Hodgkin 1976.

Spisak dobitnika

Godina Slika Dobitnik Obrazloženje Referenca
1731. Stephen Gray [2]
1732.
1733. Nije dodijeljena
1734. John Theophilus Desaguliers [3]
1735. Nije dodijeljena
1736. John Theophilus Desaguliers [3]
1737. John Belchier [4]
1738. James Valoue
1739. Stephen Hales [5]
1740. Alexander Stuart [6]
1741. John Theophilus Desaguliers [3]
1742. Christopher Middleton [7]
1743. Abraham Trembley
1744. Henry Baker [8]
1745. William Watson [9]
1746. Benjamin Robins [10]
1747. Gowin Knight [11]
1748. James Bradley [12]
1749. John Harrison [13]
1750. George Edwards [14]
1751. John Canton [15]
1752. John Pringle [16]
1753. Benjamin Franklin [17]
1754. William Lewis [18]
1755. John Huxham [19]
1756. Nije dodijeljena
1757. Charles Cavendish [11]
1758. John Dollond [20]
1759. John Smeaton [21]
1760. Benjamin Wilson [22]
1761. Nije dodijeljena
1762.
1763.
1764. John Canton [15]
1765. Nije dodijeljena
1766. William Brownrigg [23]
Edward Delaval
Henry Cavendish
1767. John Ellis [24]
1768. Peter Woulfe [25]
1769. William Hewson
1770. William Hamilton [26]
1771. Matthew Raper [27]
1772. Joseph Priestley
1773. John Walsh [28]
1774. Nije dodijeljena
1775. Nevil Maskelyne [29]
1776. James Cook [30]
1777. John Mudge
1778. Charles Hutton [31]
1779. Nije dodijeljena
1780. Samuel Vince [32]
1781. William Herschel [33]
1782. Richard Kirwan [32]
1783. John Goodricke [32]
Thomas Hutchins
1784. Edward Waring [34]
1785. William Roy [35]
1786. Nije dodijeljena
1787. John Hunter [36]
1788. Charles Blagden [37]
1789. William Morgan [38]
1790. Nije dodijeljena
1791. James Rennell [39]
Jean-André Deluc
1792. Benjamin Thompson [40]
1793. Nije dodijeljena
1794. Alessandro Volta [39]
1795. Jesse Ramsden [41]
1796. George Atwood [42]
1797. Nije dodijeljena
1798. George Shuckburgh [43]
Evelyn Charles Hatchett
1799. John Hellins [44]
1800. Edward Howard [45]
1801. Astley Paston Cooper [46]
1802. William Hyde Wollaston [47]
1803. Richard Chenevix [48]
1804. Smithson Tennant [49]
1805. Humphry Davy [50]
1806. Thomas Andrew Knight [51]
1807. Everard Home
1808. William Henry
1809. Edward Troughton [52]
1810. Nije dodijeljena
1811. Benjamin Collins Brodie [53]
1812. Nije dodijeljena
1813. William Thomas Brande
1814. James Ivory [54]
1815. David Brewster [55]
1816. Nije dodijeljena
1817. Henry Kater [56]
1818. Robert Seppings
1819. Nije dodijeljena
1820. Hans Christian Ørsted [57]
1821. Edward Sabine [58]
John Frederick William Herschel
1822. William Buckland [59]
1823. John Pond
1824. John Brinkley [60]
1825. François Jean Dominique Arago [61]
Peter Barlow
1826. James South [62]
1827. William Prout [63]
Henry Foster
1828. Nije dodijeljena
1829.
1830.
1831. George Biddell Airy [64]
1832. Michael Faraday [65]
Siméon-Denis Poisson
1833. Nije dodijeljena
1834. Giovanni Plana [66]
1835. William Snow Harris [50]
1836. Jacob Berzelius
Francis Kiernan
1837. Antoine César Becquerel [67]
John Frederic Daniell
1838. Carl Friedrich Gauß [68]
Michael Faraday
1839. Robert Brown [69]
1840. Justus von Liebig [70][71]
Jacques Charles-François Sturm
1841. Georg Simon Ohm [72]
1842. James MacCullagh [73]
1843. Jean Baptiste Dumas
1844. Carlo Matteucci [74]
1845. Theodor Schwann
1846. Urbain-Jean Joseph Le Verrier [75]
1847. John Frederick William Herschel [58]
1848. John Couch Adams [76]
1849. Roderick Murchison
1850. Peter Andreas Hansen [50]
1851. Richard Owen [77]
1852. Friedrich Heinrich Alexander von Humboldt [78]
1853. Heinrich Wilhelm Dove
1854. Johannes Peter Müller [79]
1855. Jean Bernard Léon Foucault [50]
1856. Henry Milne-Edwards
1857. Michel-Eugène Chevreul [50]
1858. Charles Lyell [50]
1859. Wilhelm Eduard Weber [80]
1860. Robert Wilhelm Bunsen [50]
1861. Louis Agassiz [50]
1862. Thomas Graham [81]
1863. Adam Sedgwick [82]
1864. Charles Darwin [50]
1865. Michael Chasles [83]
1866. Julius Plücker [84]
1867. Karl Ernst von Baer [50]
1868. Charles Wheatstone [50]
1869. Henri Victor Regnault [50]
1870. James Prescott Joule [50]
1871. Julius Robert von Mayer [50]
1872. Friedrich Wöhler [50]
1873. Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz [85]
1874. Louis Pasteur [50]
1875. August Wilhelm Hofmann [86]
1876. Claude Bernard [50]
1877. James Dwight Dana [50]
1878. Jean Baptiste Boussingault [87]
1879. Rudolf Julius Emmanuel Clausius [88]
1880. James Joseph Sylvester [89]
1881. Karl Adolph Wurtz
1882. Arthur Cayley [90]
1883. Lord Kelvin [91]
1884. Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Ludwig
1885. Friedrich August Kekulé [50]
1886. Franz Ernst Neumann [92]
1887. Joseph Dalton Hooker [50]
1888. Thomas Henry Huxley [50]
1889. George Salmon [93]
1890. Simon Newcomb [94]
1891. Stanislao Cannizzaro [50]
1892. Rudolf Virchow [50]
1893. George Gabriel Stokes [95]
1894. Edward Frankland [96]
1895. Karl Weierstrass [97]
1896. Karl Gegenbaur
1897. Albert von Kolliker
1898. William Huggins [50]
1899. Lord Rayleigh [98]
1900. Marcellin Pierre Eugène Berthelot [50]
1901. Josiah Willard Gibbs [99]
1902. Joseph Lister [100]
1903. Eduard Suess [100]
1904. William Crookes [100]
1905. Dmitrij Mendeljejev [100]
1906. Ilja Iljič Mečnjikov [100]
1907. Albert Abraham Michelson [100]
1908. Alfred Russel Wallace [100]
1909. George William Hill [100]
1910. Francis Galton [100]
1911. George Howard Darwin [100]
1912. Felix Christian Klein [101]
1913. Ray Lankester [102]
1914. Joseph John Thomson [100]
1915. Ivan Petrovič Pavlov [100]
1916. James Dewar [100]
1917. Emil Roux [103]
1918. Hendrik Antoon Lorentz [100]
1919. William Bayliss [100]
1920. Horace Brown [104]
1921. Joseph Larmor [105]
1922. Ernest Rutherford [100]
1923. Horace Lamb [106]
1924. Edward Albert Sharpey-Schafer
1925. Albert Einstein [100]
1926. Frederick Gowland Hopkins [107]
1927. Charles Scott Sherrington [108]
1928. Charles Algernon Parsons
1929. Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck [109]
1930. William Henry Bragg [110]
1931. Arthur Schuster [111]
1932. George Ellery Hale [112]
1933. Theobald Smith [113]
1934. John Scott Haldane [114]
1935. Charles Thomson Rees Wilson [115]
1936. Arthur Evans [116]
1937. Henry Hallett Dale [117]
1938. Niels Henrik David Bohr [118]
1939. Thomas Hunt Morgan [119]
1940. Paul Langevin [120]
1941. Thomas Lewis [121]
1942. Robert Robinson [122]
1943. Joseph Barcroft [123]
1944. Geoffrey Ingram Taylor [124]
1945. Oswald Theodore Avery [125]
1946. Edgar Douglas Adrian [126]
1947. Godfrey Harold Hardy [127]
1948. Archibald Vivian Hill [128]
1949. George Charles De Hevesy [129]
1950. James Chadwick [130]
1951. David Keilin [131]
1952. Paul Dirac [132]
1953. Albert Kluyver
1954. Edmund Whittaker [133]
1955. Ronald Aylmer Fisher [134]
1956. Patrick Blackett
1957. Howard Walter Florey [135]
1958. John Edensor Littlewood [136]
1959. Frank Macfarlane Burnet [137]
1960. Harold Jeffreys [138]
1961. Hans Krebs [139]
1962. Cyril Hinshelwood [140]
1963. Paul Fildes
1964. Sydney Chapman [141]
1965. Alan Lloyd Hodgkin
1966. Lawrence Bragg [100]
1967. Bernard Katz
1968. Tadeus Reichstein
1969. Peter Medawar [100]
1970. Alexander Todd [100]
1971. Norman Pirie
1972. Nevill Mott [100]
1973. Andrew Huxley
1974. William Vallance Douglas Hodge [142]
1975. Francis Crick [100]
1976. Dorothy Hodgkin [100]
1977. Frederick Sanger [100]
1978. Robert Burns Woodward [100]
1979. Max Perutz [100]
1980. Derek Harold Richard Barton [100]
1981. Peter Mitchell [100]
1982. John Cornforth [143]
1983. Rodney Porter
1984. Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar [144]
1985. Aaron Klug
1986. Rudolf Ernst Peierls
1987. Robert Hill
1988. Michael Francis Atiyah [145]
1989. César Milstein
1990. Abdus Salam [146]
1991. Sydney Brenner
1992. George Porter [147]
1993. James Dewey Watson [148]
1994. Charles Frank
1995. Frank John Fenner
1996. Alan Cottrell [149]
1997. Hugh Esmor Huxley
1998. Michael James Lighthill [150]
1999. John Maynard Smith [151]
2000. Alan Rushton Battersby
2001. Jacques Miller
2002. John Pople [152]
2003. John Gurdon
2004. Harry Kroto [153]
2005. Paul Nurse
2006. Stephen Hawking [30]
2007. Robert May
2008. Roger Penrose
2009. Martin Evans
2010. David Cox [154]
Tomas Lindahl
2011. Dan McKenzie [154]
2012. John E. Walker [155]
2013. Andre Geim
2014. Alec Jeffreys [156]
2015. Peter Higgs [157]
2016. Richard Henderson [158]
2017. Andrew Wiles [159]
2018. Jeffrey I. Gordon [160]
2019. John Goodenough [161]
2020. Alan Fersht [162]
2021. Jocelyn Bell Burnell [163]
2022. Tim za vakcinu Oxford–AstraZeneca protiv COVID-a 19 [164]
2023. Martin Rees [165]
2024. Gregory Paul Winter [166]

Reference

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  35. ^ "William Roy". Electric Scotland. Arhivirano s originala, 12. 11. 2013. Pristupljeno 29. 1. 2009.
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  75. ^ "Le Verrier biography". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 24. 10. 2013. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  76. ^ "Adams summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 12. 11. 2013. Pristupljeno 3. 2. 2009.
  77. ^ Own, Richard: Encyclopedia of Life Sciences. Wiley InterScience. 2005. doi:10.1002/047001590X. ISBN 978-0-470-01617-6. Arhivirano s originala, 30. 6. 2013. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  78. ^ "Humboldt – Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander – von – 1769–1859 – Baron – German naturalist, geologist and explorer". University of Edinburgh. Arhivirano s originala, 23. 2. 2008. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  79. ^ "BjS: Academic Lineage". Yale University. Arhivirano s originala, 20. 3. 2013. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  80. ^ "Weber summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 4. 5. 2013. Pristupljeno 3. 2. 2009.
  81. ^ "Darwin and the Copley Medal" (PDF). American Philosophical Society. Arhivirano s originala (PDF), 16. 12. 2005. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  82. ^ "Adam Sedgwick Collection". American Philosophical Society. Arhivirano s originala, 12. 5. 2008. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  83. ^ "Chasles summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 9. 8. 2013. Pristupljeno 3. 2. 2009.
  84. ^ "Plucker summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 5. 6. 2013. Pristupljeno 3. 2. 2009.
  85. ^ "Helmholtz summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 25. 2. 2013. Pristupljeno 3. 2. 2009.
  86. ^ Chemical News and Journal of Industrial Science. Journal of Industrial Science. 1776. str. 13. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009. August Wilhelm Hofmann copley medal.
  87. ^ "Jean Baptiste Boussingault" (PDF). Journal of Nutrition. Arhivirano (PDF) s originala, 18. 10. 2015. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  88. ^ "Clausius summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 6. 10. 2013. Pristupljeno 3. 2. 2009.
  89. ^ "Sylvester summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 7. 5. 2013. Pristupljeno 3. 2. 2009.
  90. ^ "Cayley summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 21. 7. 2013. Pristupljeno 3. 2. 2009.
  91. ^ "Thompson summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 28. 5. 2013. Pristupljeno 3. 2. 2009.
  92. ^ "Neumann_Franz summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 5. 8. 2012. Pristupljeno 3. 2. 2009.
  93. ^ "Salmon summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 21. 6. 2013. Pristupljeno 3. 2. 2009.
  94. ^ "Newcomb summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 19. 4. 1998. Pristupljeno 3. 2. 2009.
  95. ^ "Stokes summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 28. 10. 2013. Pristupljeno 3. 2. 2009.
  96. ^ "Sir Edward Frankland, English chemist, c 1863–1883". Science and Society Picture Library. Arhivirano s originala, 19. 7. 2013. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  97. ^ "Weierstrass summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 7. 6. 2013. Pristupljeno 3. 2. 2009.
  98. ^ "Rayleigh summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 12. 11. 2013. Pristupljeno 3. 2. 2009.
  99. ^ "Gibbs summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 30. 10. 2013. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  100. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab "Oxford DNB theme: Holders of the Copley Medal". Oxford University Press. 2004. Arhivirano s originala, 23. 10. 2012. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009.
  101. ^ "Klein summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 5. 6. 2013. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  102. ^ "Obituary: Edwin Ray Lankester" (PDF). National Marine Biological Laboratory. Arhivirano (PDF) s originala, 12. 7. 2012. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  103. ^ "Notes and Records of the Royal Society". Royal Society Publishing. Arhivirano s originala, 26. 4. 2020. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  104. ^ "Obituary notice: Horace Tabberer Brown" (PDF). Biochemical Journal. Arhivirano (PDF) s originala, 18. 10. 2015. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  105. ^ "Larmour summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 20. 7. 2013. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  106. ^ "Lamb summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 3. 12. 1998. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  107. ^ "Oxford DNB article: Hopkins, Sir Frederick (subscription needed)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online izd.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/33977. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  108. ^ "Sir Charles Sherrington – Biography". Nobel Foundation. Arhivirano s originala, 31. 5. 2013. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  109. ^ "Planck summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 9. 7. 2013. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009.
  110. ^ "William Bragg – Biography". Nobel Foundation. Arhivirano s originala, 5. 6. 2013. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009.
  111. ^ Hale, George E. (1935). "Sir Arthur Schuster". The Astrophysical Journal. 81: 97. Bibcode:1935ApJ....81...97H. doi:10.1086/143618.
  112. ^ "George Ellery Hale: Acknowledgements". Franklin Institute. Arhivirano s originala, 30. 12. 2008. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009.
  113. ^ "Award of the Copley Medal of the Royal Society to Professor Theobald Smith". Science. Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. 78 (2035): 598. 1933. Bibcode:1933Sci....78R.598.. doi:10.1126/science.78.2035.598.
  114. ^ "Oxford DNB article: Haldane, John Scott (subscription needed)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online izd.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/33642. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  115. ^ "C.T.R.Wilson – Biography". Nobel Foundation. Arhivirano s originala, 21. 9. 2013. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009.
  116. ^ "Sir Arthur Evans, F.R.S: Abstract". Nature. 148 (3741): 46. 1941. Bibcode:1941Natur.148Q..46.. doi:10.1038/148046a0.
  117. ^ "Sir Henry Dale – Biography". Nobel Foundation. Arhivirano s originala, 21. 9. 2013. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009.
  118. ^ "Bohr_Niels summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 17. 7. 2013. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009.
  119. ^ "Thomas H. Morgan – Biography". Nobel Foundation. Arhivirano s originala, 18. 5. 2013. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009.
  120. ^ "Medal Awards of the Royal Society". Nature. 146 (3710): 750–752. 1940. Bibcode:1940Natur.146..750.. doi:10.1038/146750a0.
  121. ^ "Thomas Lewis". Cardiology Journal. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.[mrtav link]
  122. ^ "Sir Robert Robinson – Biography". nobelprize.org. Arhivirano s originala, 27. 9. 2013. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009.
  123. ^ Dunn, P. M. (2000). "Sir Joseph Barcroft of Cambridge". Archives of Disease in Childhood. Fetal and Neonatal Edition. Archives of Disease in Childhood. 82 (1): F75-6. doi:10.1136/fn.82.1.f75. PMC 1721043. PMID 10634847. Arhivirano s originala, 28. 9. 2013. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  124. ^ "Taylor_Geoffrey summay". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 21. 6. 2013. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  125. ^ "The Oswald T. Avery Collection: Biographical Information". United States National Library of Medicine. Arhivirano s originala, 28. 9. 2013. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009.
  126. ^ "Oxford DNB article:Adrian, Edgar Douglas (subscription needed)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online izd.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/30753. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  127. ^ "Hardy summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 19. 4. 1998. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  128. ^ "Oxford DNB article:Hill, Archibald Vivian (subscription needed)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online izd.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/31230. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  129. ^ "Royal Society: Anniversary Address By Sir Robert Robinson, O.M., F.R.S". Nature. 164 (4181): 1023–1030. 1949. Bibcode:1949Natur.164.1023.. doi:10.1038/1641023a0.
  130. ^ "Oxford DNB article:Chadwick, James (subscription needed)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online izd.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/30912. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  131. ^ "Oxford DNB article:Keilin, David (subscription needed)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online izd.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/34256. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  132. ^ Kragh, H. (2004). "Oxford DNB article:Dirac, Paul(subscription needed)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online izd.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/31032. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  133. ^ "Whittaker summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 21. 6. 2013. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  134. ^ "Fisher summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 2. 11. 2013. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  135. ^ MacFarlane, R. G. (2004). "Oxford DNB article:Florey, Howard (subscription needed)". u Abraham, E. P. (ured.). Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online izd.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/33182. Arhivirano s originala, 18. 10. 2015. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  136. ^ "Littlewood summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 19. 4. 1998. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  137. ^ "Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet – Biography". nobelprize.org. Arhivirano s originala, 14. 9. 2013. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  138. ^ "Jeffreys summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 21. 6. 2013. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  139. ^ "Sir Hans Adolf Krebs". nobel-winners.com. Arhivirano s originala, 20. 2. 2012. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  140. ^ "Oxford DNB article:Hinshelwood, Sir Cyril Norman (subscription needed)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online izd.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/32367. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  141. ^ "Oxford DNB article:Chapman, Sydney (subscription needed)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online izd.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/33888. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  142. ^ "Hodge summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 30. 12. 2012. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  143. ^ "Emeritus Professor Sir John Cornforth – Alumni & Friends". University of Sydney. Arhivirano s originala, 21. 9. 2007. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009.
  144. ^ "Chandrasekhar biography". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 5. 4. 2013. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009.
  145. ^ "Atiyah biography". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 5. 4. 2013. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009.
  146. ^ "Oxford DNB article:Salam, Abdus (subscription needed)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online izd.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/64072. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  147. ^ "Oxford DNB article:Porter, George (subscription needed)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online izd.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/77183. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  148. ^ "Copley Medal". Royal Society website. The Royal Society. Arhivirano s originala, 25. 12. 2018. Pristupljeno 19. 4. 2013.
  149. ^ "MRS Website: Award Presentations". Materials Research Society. Arhivirano s originala, 23. 5. 2020. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009.
  150. ^ "Lighthill summary". University of St Andrews. Arhivirano s originala, 13. 11. 2013. Pristupljeno 5. 2. 2009.
  151. ^ "John Maynard Smith January 6, 1920 – April 19, 2004". Genetics. Arhivirano s originala, 7. 10. 2008. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009.
  152. ^ "Obituary: John A. Pople". The Observer. Arhivirano s originala, 27. 9. 2012. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009.
  153. ^ "FSU highlights". Florida State University. Arhivirano s originala, 26. 6. 2013. Pristupljeno 15. 2. 2009.
  154. ^ a b Two medals were awarded to celebrate the Society's 350th anniversary: "Recent award winners 2010". The Royal Society. Arhivirano s originala, 15. 6. 2013. Pristupljeno 6. 10. 2010.
  155. ^ "John Walker". The Royal Society. Arhivirano s originala, 17. 11. 2015. Pristupljeno 6. 9. 2012.
  156. ^ "Leicester University Professor Sir Alec Jeffreys wins science's oldest prize". Leicester Mercury. 5. 8. 2014. Arhivirano s originala, 16. 5. 2015. Pristupljeno 5. 8. 2014.
  157. ^ "Copley Medal 2015". Arhivirano s originala, 28. 7. 2020. Pristupljeno 23. 5. 2018.
  158. ^ "Copley Medal 2016". Arhivirano s originala, 27. 10. 2017. Pristupljeno 23. 5. 2018.
  159. ^ "Andrew Wiles". The Royal Society. Arhivirano s originala, 17. 11. 2015. Pristupljeno 20. 4. 2018.
  160. ^ "Copley Medal 2018". Arhivirano s originala, 6. 9. 2015. Pristupljeno 24. 5. 2016.
  161. ^ "Copley Medal 2019". Arhivirano s originala, 6. 9. 2015. Pristupljeno 24. 5. 2016.
  162. ^ "Medals and awards winners 2020". Arhivirano s originala, 4. 8. 2020. Pristupljeno 9. 8. 2020.
  163. ^ "Medal and award winners 2021". Arhivirano s originala, 28. 10. 2021. Pristupljeno 24. 8. 2021.
  164. ^ "The Royal Society announces this year's medal and award winners". Arhivirano s originala, 24. 8. 2022. Pristupljeno 26. 8. 2022.
  165. ^ "Medal winner 2023". Arhivirano s originala, 6. 9. 2015. Pristupljeno 24. 5. 2016.
  166. ^ Copley Medal 2024

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