Операция „Кламер“

Германски учени-ракетостроители, прехвърлени по програмата във Форт Блис, Тексас. Седмият отдясно на първия ред е Вернер фон Браун.

Операция „Кламер“ (на английски: Operation Paperclip) е програма на Управлението на стратегическите служби на Съединените щати, с която около 1600 германски учени и инженери са привлечени в страната непосредствено след края на Втората световна война.

Сред целите на операцията е и да се попречи на предаването на знания и опит от германските учени на Съветския съюз[1] и Великобритания[2]. Джон Гимбел заключава, че в резултат на операцията най-будните умове на Германия са изолирани в продължение на 3 години, като това забавя следвоенното възстановяване на страната.[3]

Практическото осъществяване на операцията започва, след като на 22 май 1945 година майор Стейвер изпраща телеграма до Пентагона до полковник Джоел Холмс с настояване да се евакуират германските учени със семействата им, заради тяхната важност за продължаващата Тихоокеанска война.[4] Кодовото си име „Кламер“ проектът получава поради това, че към досиетата на учените са прикрепяни с кламер техни фалшифицирани политически биографии, целящи де се заобиколят законите и международните споразумения за денацификация.[5]

Източници

  1. ↑ Joint Intelligence Objectives Agency // U.S. National Archives and Records Administration. Архивиран от оригинала на 1 юли 2012. Посетен на 9-октомври-2008.
  2. ↑ The Secret War, 1978, Brian Johnson, p184
  3. ↑ „U.S. Policy and German Scientists: The Early Cold War“, Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 101, No. 3, (1986), pp. 433 – 451
  4. ↑ McGovern, James. Crossbow and Overcast. New York, W. Morrow, 1964. с. 100, 104, 173, 207, 210, 242.
  5. ↑ Project Paperclip: German Scientists and the Cold War, 1975, Clarence G. Lasby et al.

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